成人高考(专升本)英语
一、语音知识(共5小题;每题1.5分，共7.5分。)
在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。
( )1.A.straight B.prefer C.enough D.fall
( )2.A.low B.though C.knowledge D.sold
( )3.A.calm B.hall C.talk D.ball
( )4.A.already B.each C.league D.weak
( )5.A.produce B.true C.computer D.news
二、词汇与语法知识(共25小题;每题1.5分，共37.5分。)
从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
( )6.Are you sure you don‘t have _______ advice to give me?I really need _______.
A.any;any
B.some;any
C.any;some
D.any;some
( )7.When we saw his face， we knew _______ was bad.
A.the news
B.some news
C.a news
D.news
( )8.The number of students in our school ________.
A.increased
B.is increased
C.has increased
D.are increased
( )9.________ your step，or you might fall into the water.
A.See
B.Watch
C.Miss
D.Look at
( )10.The meeting _______.
A.is to put off
B.is going to put off
C.is to be put off
D.will put off
( )11.Since the road is wet this morning，last night _______.
A.it must be raining
B.it must rain
C.it must have rained
D.it must have been rained
( )12.Nothing could stop _______.
A.him come
B.that the came
C.him from coming
D.him to come
( )13.The noise of desks _______ could be heard out in the street.
A.opened and closed
B.to be opened and closed
C.being opened and closed
D.having been opened and closed
( )14.The medicine will ______ you good.
A.do
B.save
C.give
D.help
( )15.A few years later，I found my hometown completely _______.
A.changed
B.changing
C.to be changed
D.to change
( )16.This novel is worthy of_______.
A.reading
B.read
C.having read
D.being read
( )17.It is very kind ______ see me.
A.from you to
B.as
C.as if
D.like that
( )18.It looks _______ it„s going to rain.
A.that
B.as
C.as if
D.like that
( )19.The stone was so heavy that it was difficult for the old man to ______ it.
A.lift
B.reach
C.rise
D.touch
( )20.They lives ______ the other side of the road.
A.in
B.on
C.for
D.by
( )21.She can speak Japanese better than ________else.
A.the one B.no one C.anyone D.another ( )22.This lesson is _______ than the last one. A.more easier B.more easy C.very easier D.much easier ( )23.Today„s weather isn‟t as cold as it was yesterday， ________? A.wasn„t B.is it C.was it D.isn„t it ( )24.This book is for students ______ native language is not English. A.of whom B.that C.which D.whose ( )25.You may not go out _______ your work is done. A.before B.until C.where D.as ( )26.Look what Father_______ me when he came from work. A.pought B.took C.carried D.fetched ( )27.Nobody knew _______ there. A.how long time I had been B.how long had I been C.how long time had I been D.how long I had been ( )28.The harder he studies，_______. A.he„ll make great progress B.the greater progress he„ll make C.he„ll make greater progress D.the greater he„ll make progress ( )29.________，I would have gone to see him. A.Have I had time B.Had I time C.Had I had time D.would I have had
( )30. He didn„t go to France，the doctor suggested that he _______there.
A.won„t go
B.not go
C.not to go
D.didn„t go
三、完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分，共30分。)通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选择，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。 I hand been sitting by myself in my usual compartment for at least ten minutes，waiting __31__. The trains from Littlebury never seemed to start __32__ and I often thought that I could have __33__ in bed a little longer or had __34__ cup of tea before __35__. Suddenly I heard someone shouting __36__ the platform outside. A young girl was running towards the train. The man __37__ put out his hand to stop her but she ran past him and opened the door of my compartment. Then the whistle blew and the train started.
“I nearly missed it，__38__?”the girl said.“How long does it take to __39_ London?”“It depends on the __40__.” I said. “Some days it„s __41__ others.”
“I„ll have to have my watch mended，__42__ late again tomorrow，”she said. “It‟s my first day __43__ with a new firm today and they told me that the man __44__ is very strict. I __45__ him yet so I don„t know __46__ but he sounds a bit frightening.”
She talked about her new job __47__ the way to London and before long，I realized that she was going to work for my firm. My __48__ secretary had just left so I must be her new boss. __49__ only fair to tell her.
“Oh，dear，”she said. “__50__ mistake!I wish I had known.”
“Never mind，”I said. “At least you„ll know when your train‟s late that mine will be，too.”
( )31.A. the train to start
B.for the train start
C.the train„s start
D.for the train to start
( )32.A. on their hour
B. on time
C. at their hour
D. at time
( )33.A. lain
B. laid
C. lied
D. lay
( )34.A. other
B. some other
C. another
D. one other
( )35.A. I had left the home
B. leave from home
C. leaving home
D. to leave home
( )36.A. at
B. by C. in D. on ( )37.A. at place B. on duty C. for control D. in post ( )38.A. haven„t I B. don„t I C. wasn„t I D. didn„t I ( )39.A. get to B. arrive to C. reach to D. make to ( )40.A. driver to the engine B. driver engine C. engineer„s driver D. engine driver ( )41.A. far slower that B. much slower than C. a lot more slow than D. a great deal more slow that ( )42.A. in order not be B. so as not to be C. for not being D. so that it„s not ( )43.A. at job B. in job C. in work D. at work ( )44.A. I„m going to work for B. what I„m going to work for C. for which I„m going to work D. which I„m going to work for ( )45.A. didn„t meet B. haven„t met C. didn„t know D. haven„t known ( )46.A. what he is like B. what is he like C. how he is D. how is he ( )47.A. through
B. by
C. on
D. in
( )48.A. proper
B. own
C. same
D. self
( )49.A. There was
B. That was
C. It was
D. Was
( )50.A. What a terrible
B. What terrible
C. How terrible
D. So terrible a
四、阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分，共30分。)
阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
A
Jimmy was five years old and his pother，Billy，was only a baby. One morning his mother waited for an important telephone call for hours，but nobody called. There was no pead in the house and she had to go out to buy some. Jimmy stayed at home to look after the baby. When the mother was out，the telephone rang and Jimmy answered. Mr. Baker：Hello!May I speak to Mrs. White?
Jimmy：Sorry，Mother is out.
Mr. Baker：Well，when she comes back，say to her，“Mr. Baker called.” Jimmy：What?
Mr. Baker：Mr. Baker. Write it down. B-A-K-E-R.
Jimmy：How do you write B?
Mr. Baker：How do I write„?Listen，little boy，is there anybody else with you?Any pothers or sisters?
Jimmy：Yes，my pother Billy is here.
Mr. Baker：Good. I want to talk to him，please.
Jimmy：All right. Jimmy took the telephone to the baby‘s bed and put it beside its head. Not long after that his mother came back.
Mother：Did anybody call?
Jimmy：Yes，a man called. But he only wanted to talk to Billy.
( )51. Jimmy‘s mother waited for ________.
A. an important man
B. a good friend
C. a telephone call
D. a piece of good news
( )52. Jimmy‘s mother went out because ________.
A. she waited for hours
B. nobody called
C. she had to buy some pead
D. she had to buy some milk
( )53. Jimmy couldn‘t write down Mr. Baker’s name because ________.
A. he had no pen or paper
B. he couldn‘t read or write
C. he had to look after the baby
D. he had to play with his pother
( )54. Mr. Baker wanted to talk to ________.
A. a child older than Jimmy
B. a child younger than Jimmy
C. Jimmy‘s pother Billy
D. Jimmy‘s sister Betty
B
The cowboy is the hero of many movies. He is，even today，a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like?
The cowboy‘s job is clear from the word “cowboy”。Cowboys were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The cattle were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef from these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the trains. Part of the cowboy’s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns.
The trips were called cattle drives. A cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much， each cowboy pought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day.
The cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive，the cowboys panded the cattle. They burned a make on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But these marks didn‘t stop rustlers，or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.
Even though their work was very difficult and dangerous，cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid bally. Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom.
( )55. The cowboy‘s job was ________.
A. to be a hero
B. to take care of cattle
C. to be a rustler
D. to be a driver
( )56. Cowboys ________.
A. made a lot of money
B. had a difficult job
C. did not like their way of life
D. were rich
( )57. When you do something new exciting，you have ________.
A. a symbol
B. an adventure
C. a job
D. a trip
( )58. The cowboy was the most important person in the movie. He was the ________.
A. chief
B. rustler
C. hero
D. president
C
Uncle Sam is a tall，thin man. He‘s an older man with white hair and a white beard. He often wears a tall hat，a bow tie， and the stars and stripes of the American flag.
Who is this strange，looking man?Would you believe that Uncle Sam is the US government?But why do you call the US government Uncle Sam?
During the War of 1812，the US government hired meat packers to provide meat to the army. One of these meat packers was a man named Samuel Wilson. Samuel was a friendly and fair man. Everyone liked him and called him Uncle Sam.
Sam Wilson stamped the boxes of meat for the army with a large US for United States. Some government inspectors came to look over Sam‘s company. They asked a worker what the US on the boxes stood for. As a joke，the worker answered that these letters stood for the name of his boss，Uncle Sam.
The joke spread，and soldiers began saying that their food came from Uncle Sam. Before long，people called all things that came from the government “Uncle Sam‘s”，“Uncle Sam” became a nickname for the US government.
Soon there were drawings and cartoons of Uncle Sam in newspapers. In these early pictures，Uncle Sam was a young man. He wore stars and stripes，but his hair was dark and he had not a beard. The beard was added when Apaham Lincoln was President. President Lincoln had a beard.
The most famous picture of Uncle Sam is on a poster from World War I. The government needed men to fight in the war. In the poster，a very serious Uncle Sam points his finger and says “I want YOU for the US Army.”
( )59. “Uncle Sam” became a ________ for the US government.
A. boss
B. nickname
C. picture
D. businessmen
( )60. Uncle Sam often wears tall hat，________ and the stars and stripes of the American flag.
A. dark hair
B. a bow tie
C. a box
D. a shirt
( )61. Government inspectors came to ________ Sam‘s meat-packing company.
A. ask
B. stand for
C. look over
D. see
( )62. In the drawing and cartoons of Uncle Sam ________.
A. he wore the stars and stripes
B. the never had a beard
C. he had no hair
D. he wore a bow tie
D
The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help. A man in Paris hospital who needs blood，a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake，and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross.
The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the globe. The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent，the Red Mogen David，the Sun，and the Red Lion. All of these agencies share a common goal of trying to help people in need.
The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859，he observed how people were suffering on a battle field in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for. The most important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention. It protects prisoners of way the sick and wounded，and other citizens during a war.
The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the public，such as helping people in need，teaching first aid and providing blood.
( )63. A good title for this selection is _______.
A. People in Need of Help
B. Safety and Protection
C. The International Red Cross
D. Forming an Organization to Help People
( )64. The word “aided” in the first paragraph means ________.
A. needed
B. helped
C. caught
D. protected
( )65. We may draw a conclusion that _______ during a war.
A. the Red Cross only protects the wounded
B. the Red Cross only helps prisoners of war
C. the Red Cross only helps citizens
D. the Red Cross helps all the people in need no matter which side they are fighting for
五、补全对话(共5句;每句满分为3分，共15分。)
根据中文提示，将对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句
号的地方，用陈述句;打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：一个中国人正在和一个刚刚到达中国的美国人聊在，中国人询问他这次旅行的情况，如：到达的时间、怎么来的、旅行是否愉快、累不累、现住何处，并在分手时祝他睡个好觉。
Chinese ：________66__________?
American：Yes， this morning. At about 9 o‘clock.
Chinese ：________67__________?
American：By plane first and then by train. It took me more than 30 hours altogether.
Chinese ：________68__________?
American：Yes， very much. It‘s pleasant， especially the part on the train. Chinese ：________69__________?
American：Yes， a little， but not very much. And now I‘m feeling better after a nap.
Chinese ：________70__________?
American：At the Grand Hotel， in the center of the city.
Chinese ：Oh， that‘s a nice hotel. Have a good sleep tonight. I’ll come and see you tomorrow.
六、书面表达(共30分)
提示：假设你是丽娜，光明中学的学生，你给你的好友小华写信讲述你的美国之行。内容包括：先去了纽约，看到许多摩天大楼，但看不到世贸大厦了;两天后去了洛杉矶(Los Angeles)，参观了好莱坞，游了迪斯尼乐园;还去了内华达(Nevada)的里诺(Reno)，游了风景优美的大沪(Dahu)湖;
注意：(1)不要逐字翻译，叙述要连贯;
(2)写信人的地址可自编;
(3)词数为100左右。
参考答案：
一、语音知识
1.A 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.B
二、词汇与语法知识
6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.C
13.C 14.A 15.A 16.D 17.C 18.C 19.A
20.B 21.C 22.D 23.B 24.D 25.B 26.A
27.D 28.B 29.C 30.B
三、完形填空
31.D 32.B 33.A 34.C 35.C 36.D 37.B
38.D 39.A 40.D 41.B 42.B 43.A 44.D
45.B 46.A 47.C 48.B 49.C 50.A
四、阅读理解
51.C 52.C 53.B 54.A 55.B 56.B 57.B
58.C 59.B 60.B 61.C 62.A 63.C 64.B 65.D
五、补全对话
76.Did you arrive today
77.How did you get here
78.Did you enjoy your journey
79.Do you feel tired after the long journey
80.Where are you staying
六、书面表达
Guangming Middle School
No. 273，Xinjiang Road，400537
Helan District，Binhai，China
July 15，2002
Dear Xiao Hua，
I have just come back from a trip to the United States. I had a very good time there.
I first went to New York. It is really a very big city. I saw quite many skyscrapers there. But the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center are no more to be seen.
Two days later I went to Los Angeles. I visited Hollywood on the day I got there. After that I spent a whole day in Disneyland. It is really a wonderful place you shouldn‘t miss.
I also went to Reno，Nevada. There is a beautiful lake named Dahu. The scenery there is beautiful!
I hope you will take a trip to the United States some day.
Love，
Lina
成人高考英语
Directions:
In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1.A. caused B. wished C. guessed D. dressed
2.A. tea B. read (原形) C. real D. steal
3.A. through B. famous C. route D. wounded
4.A. native B. active C. national D. narrow
5.A. like B. limit C. knife D. inside
6.A. ear B. early C. earth D. earn
7.A. thank B. another C. smooth D. clothes
8.A. afternoon B. classroom C. roommate D. boot
9.A. houses B. horses C. rises D. exercises
10.A. expression B. discussion C. vision D. permission
Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure (40 points)
Directions:
There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
11. ______ riding to school, Mary usually goes to school on foot.
A. Without B. Rather than C. Instead of D. Inspite of
12. The teacher will tell us _______ to have the exam next Monday.
A. if B. that C. if not D. whether
13. In order to grow well, the Blue Sprace, like other pine trees, ______ a temperate climate.
A. require B. requires C. is required D. that requires
14. It took them more than ten years to ______ the defensive works.
A. build in B. build into C. build on D. build up
15. I haven’t decided which seat ________.
A. to sit B. is to sit C. to sit on D. is for sitting
16. Susan wants to know whether the measures have been agreed _______.
A. to B. with C. over D. on
17. All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A. what is needed B. for our needs C. the thing needed D. that is needed
18. His hard work _______ when he won the prize.
A. paid off B. showed off C. rang off D. kept off
19. The fire _______ two persons’ death as well as the damage of all the store’s property.
A. is resulted in B. is resulted from C. resulted in D. resulted from
20. On Sundays I prefer _______ at home to _______ out.
A. to stay…go B. stay…going C. staying…going D. staying…go
21. Generally, the thicker a mammal’s (哺乳动物) skin is, the less hair ______.
A. that has it B. that it has C. has it D. it has
22. My father ______ an invitation to a dinner party, but he _______ it.
A. accepted…received B. received…accepted
C. accepted…didn’t receive D. received…didn’t accept
23. _______ their homework, the children went for a walk.
A. When they were doing B. After they have done
C. Having done D. They had done
24. My parents never let me _______ alone.
A. to travel B. to travelling C. travelling D. travel
25. Hardly _______ the classroom when the class began.
A. had he entered B. he had entered C. he entered D. he was entered
26. We all enjoy working _______ him because he is a kind leader.
A. along B. in C. under D. on
27. She is _______to refuse, so I have to give in.
A. a too kind girl B. too a kind girl
C. too kind a girl D. a gird kind too
28. He couldn’t use his own car because it ________ then.
A. was being repaired B. was repairing
C. is repairing D. has been repaired
29. _______ go to the Great Wall for a visit?
A. Why don’t B. How about C. Will we D. Why not
30. With the guide ______ the way, we set out on foot into the night dark.
A. lead B. leading C. led D. to lead
31. He seems _______ from this university.
A. graduating B. being graduated C. to graduate D. to have graduated
32. The refugees need many things, but _______, they need food and medicine.
A. at most B. above all C. after all D. at the first
33. ______ France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first members of the populist party.
A. Not only B. If only C. Only D. Not only was
34. He failed in the examination three times but _______ he passed.
A. at end B. at finish C. at last D. at least
35. On his return from his college, he found the house ________.
A. deserting B. deserted C. desert D. to be deserted
36. When Jane fell off the bike, the other children ________.
A. were not able to help laughter B. could not help but laughing
C. could not help laughing D. could not help to laugh
37. English is _______ interesting to us.
A. much B. very C. very much D. more
38. Grammar books here _______ well.
A. are sold B. sell C. sells D. have been sold
39. If everybody is _______, let’s begin our class.
A. sat B. seated C. seat D. sitted
40. He must have been there before, ________?
A. hasn’t he B. haven’t he C. doesn’t he D. isn’t he
41. He had to give up ___ the football match because he had his leg injured in the accident.
A. taking part in B. took part in C. to take part in D. take part in
42. The young people felt that they needed no help from anyone. They were very _____.
A. unexpected B. independent C. resistant D. separate
43. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.
A. regard B. counting C. account D. observation
44. The letters PTO _______ parent-teacher organization.
A. stand for B. call for C. heard for D. care for
45. Something always _______ wrong when we try this recipe.
A. has gone B. have gone C. go D. goes
46. My watch ______ three o’clock.
A. tells B. speaks C. talks D. says
47. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _______.
A. average B. ordinary C. regular D. normal
48. I’d rather you _______ anything about it for the time being.
A. do B. don’t have C. didn’t have D. didn’t do
49. I don’t think we can take it ______, some problems still remains.
A. on hand B. by chance C. for granted D. at will
50. She walked across immense room _______ every one looking at her.
A. with B. as C. while D. when
Ⅲ. Cloze (20 points)
Directions:
For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
The death of a child, _51_ one’s own child, is something the mind can hardly comprehend. It seems to go _52_ nature. The end of a life that is still forming _53_ has just begun is an almost unthinkable cruelty.
But it happens. Parents sometimes must witness the illness and death of the children _54_ whom they gave birth. And _55_ will ever fill the empty place that the dead child leaves behind. Parents _56_ to die before their children, which is the natural order of life events. When the situation is reversed and a child dies _57_ the parents it seems wrong.
Yet we never know why one person dies and another lives. But we do know _58_ a child is gone, the parents still have a future, as grey and worthless as it may at first seem. Death may take the child, but the love never _59_.
The sorrow after a child’s death is one of the longest and hardest type of _60_ to live with. And it takes long to deal with the parents’ own emotions.
51.A. especially B. special C. especial D. most
52.A. with B. against C. beyond D. above
53.A. and B. or C. but D. so
54.A. at B. with C. to D. for
55.A. everything B. other thing C. something D. nothing
56.A. think B. expect C. like D. surely
57.A. before B. after C. in front of D. as
58.A. as if B. as though C. even if D. that
59.A. gives up B. goes away C. goes back D. goes through
60.A. loss B. losses C. losing D. lost
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (60 points)
Directions:
There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
In the old days, divers used to go down into the sea looking for ships that had sunk, because they hoped to find gold and jewels. Now divers still search for valuable things in sunken ships, but they also try to ping to the surface the ships themselves, or parts of them. The value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly over the last twenty or thirty years and even though a ship has been under the sea for many years, it may be worth a great deal.
One famous sunken ship is the “Lusitania”, which sank off the southern coast of Ireland in 1915 with a loss of nearly, 1,500 lives. It has four huge propellers made of an expensive metal. Today each of those propellers is worth $ 300,000 or more. The ship lying on the sea-bed has been pought by a man called John Light. He paid about $ 1,200,000 for the whole ship. He hopes to ping up those propellers and sell them. He also hopes to sell other parts of the ship, when he has pought them to the surface, for about $ 600,000.
61. Divers today try to ping to the surface _______.
A. gold and jewels B. parts of ships
C. whole ships D. all of the above
62. Diver try to ping up metals because ________.
they have been in the sea for a long time
gold and jewels are not valuable things
some kinds of metals are worth a lot of money
it is easy to ping up metals
63. The word “surface” in the passage means the ______.
A. market B. air C. top of a liquid D. sea
64. John Light hopes that he may be able to sell all the parts of the “Lusitania” for about _____.
A. $12,000 B. $300,000 C. $1,200,000 D. $1,800,000
65. John Light bought the “Lusitania” _______.
A. before 1915 B. before it sank
C. after it sank D. after they had pought up the propellers
Passage Two
Man’s first real invention, and one of the most important inventions in history, was the wheel. All transportation and every machine in the world depend on it. The wheel is the simplest yet perhaps the most remarkable of all inventions, because there are no wheels in nature—no living thing was ever created with wheels. How, then, did man come to invent the wheel? Perhaps some early hunters found that they could roll the carcass of a h
eavy animal through the forest on logs more easily than they could carry it. However, the logs themselves weighed a lot.
It must have taken a great prehistoric thinker to imagine two thin slices of log connected, at their centers by a string stick. This would roll along just as the logs did, yet be much lighter and easier to handle. Thus the wheel and axle came into being and with them the first carts.
66. The wheel is important because _______.
A. it was man’s first real invention B. all transportation depends on it
C. every machine depends on it D. both B and C
67. The wheel is called _______.
A. simple B. complicated C. strange D. unusual
68. It was remarkable of man to invent the wheel because _______.
A. it led to many other inventions B. man had no use for it then
C. there were no wheels in nature D. all of the above
69. The wheel was probably invented by ______.
A. a group of early hunters B. the first men on earth
C. a great prehistoric thinker D. the man who made the first cart
70. This selection says that the first wheel may have been a ______.
A. round piece of stone B. heavy log C. piece of metal D. slice of log
Passage Three
Eating in space is different from eating on earth. The food that astronauts carry with them does not look like the food you eat. Some food is carried in closed bags. It is cooked and frozen before the astronauts get it. All the water is removed from the food. In the spaceship the astronaut puts the water back. He “shoots” hot or cold water into the food bag with a special gun. He eats the food through a small hole in the bag.
Other foods come in bite sizes. The astronaut puts a whole piece in his mouth at once. There an be no crambs. Crambs would float around the spaceship and get in the way. Meat and cake often come in bite-sized pieces. Astronauts can’t drink water from open cups. The water would float in drops in the air. The water is put in the special gun. The astronaut shoots the water into his mouth. Eating in space is not easy. Astronauts must learn to eat this way.
71. Some space foods are carried in _______.
A. water guns B. lunch boxes C. closed bags D. crumbs
72. The story does not say this, but from what we have read, we can tell that ______.
you get much hungrier in space than you do
you can’t have water to drink in a spaceship
astronauts must learn many new and different things
you can’t eat anything in a spaceship
73. Why can’t astronauts drink water from cups?
The water would come from the open cups.
The water would spill all over their food.
Crambs would float in the cups.
The cups would float in the air.
74. The main idea of the whole story is that _______.
there is more food and water in space than on earth
eating and drinking in space is a special problem
astronauts can never eat or drink in a spaceship
there is no food or water in a spaceship
75. Which of the following does the story lead you to believe?
Food for astronauts must be made in a special way.
All meat on earth comes in bite-sized pieces.
Astronauts will only eat cakes made from crambs.
Astronauts have to go hungry in a spaceship.
Passage Four
The energy which the sun radiates goes in every direction, and only a minute part of it falls on the earth. Even so, it represents power of about 5,000,000 horsepower (马力) per square mile per day; the sun gives us as much energy every miunte as mankind utilizes in a year. At present, we use this energy indirectly, and it is our final source of power. Coal represents the chemical action of the sun on green plants thousands of years ago. Water power results from the rain formed by vapor which comes from the evaporation of water under the sunshine. Even windmills operate because of air currents set in motion by the different heating affects of the sun in different places. Some day, through chemistry or some type of solar engine, we shall harness this great source of energy more directly. Already a scientist has worked out an engine, surprisingly efficient, in which the sun’s rays are concentrated through mirrors on a tube of water to create steam.
76. How much energy given off by the sun reaches the earth?
A. 100% but indirectly. B. 5%.
C. 50%. D. only a very tiny amount.
77. The reason why all the solar energy falling on the earth can’t be utilized is that ______.
only a very small part is available the sun is too distant from the earth
it takes thousands of years for this energy to be stored up in coal and oil our scientific knowledge is not sufficient
78. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Even windmill’s action depends on the sun.
The sun produces enormous energy for man to make use of.
Some day man will be able to utilize 100% of the solar energy that gets to the earth.
The sun produces different heating effects in different places.
79. In order to support this argument, the writer gives the example that _______. a machine using solar energy efficiently has already been developed
the sun is our final source of power
man uses only a tiny part of the sun’s energy
the part of the sun’s energy we use is used indirectly
80. This passage centers mainly on ________.
harnessing energy through chemistry
our last source of power
how water power is produced
the amount of solar energy that can be utilized
Ⅴ. Writing (20 points)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a letter of about 80 words according to the following topic.
男女应该平等吗?(Should Men and Women Be Equal?)
自编成人高考英语
自编成人高考英语
自编成人高考英语试卷及参考答案
Ⅰ.Fill the blanks with suitable words from the list given below….（翻译和作文在下面）
fall apart convey contemporary pay off come to …
1 what have you ______my umpella? 答案： done with 2 Anna did what she could to keep the marriage from___. 答案： falling apart
3 when it ______politics,I know nothing .
答案： comes to
4 ________ as well as for yours ,I will do do my best. 答案： For my own sake
5 Oswald was much admired by his _______. 答案： contemporaries
6 His hard work _______when he got the promotion. 答案：paid off
7 A good paragraph can ofen ______ far more meanings than words do.
答案：convey
8 I ‘ll prepare a________estimate for you.
答案：revised
9 Children undrer twelve must be ________ by an adult. 答案： accompanied
10 The area is _______by soil erosion and folding. 答案：plague
Ⅱ.Put the following sentences into Chinese.
（参考答案在英文句子后面）
Greek mythology is embodied explicitly in a large
collection of narratives and implicitly in representational arts,such as vase -paintings and gifts.
希腊神话中有明确体现在大量的叙述和隐式地代表性的艺术作品,如花瓶画和礼物。
His spare time was spent reading scripts,dramas and books in what he has said a slow process of understanding Western culture .His effort paid off eventually.
他的业余时间花在阅读脚本,电视剧和书籍在他所说的了解西方文化的一个缓慢的过程。最终他的努力得到了回报。
It is a truism that one of the most important spinoffs of more communicatively oriented language learning and teaching has been the premium placed on the role of learner in the language process.
很明显,最重要的一个副产品面向更多的自始至终的语言学习和教学的溢价放在学习者语言过程中所扮演的角色。
While recognizing the virtue of these books,critics today tend to rank more highly the late works because of their formal coherence and acute perception of the human condition.
今天虽然认识到这些书的美德,批评家往往等级更高的后期作品,因为他们的正式的连贯性和敏锐的感知人类状况的。
It makes no sense to have a task -based syllabus on the one hand,and a traditional grammar or vocabulary based assessment procedure on the other..
没有意义有一个基于任务的教学大纲一方面,和传统的语法或词汇评估过程基于其他. .
The rectangular base of Taj Mahal is in itself symbolic of the different sides from which to view a beautiful woman. 泰姬陵的矩形基础本身就是符号的不同侧面视图的一个美丽的女人。
Ⅲ.Writing
作文题目：My favourite movie
正文What a moving story 《Titanic》 is! 作文可以自己写。My heart will go on is such a kind of song that makes me never forget.
《Titanic》 is really a part of the movie. The movie is so romantic, though it has a sad ending. I always listen to this song, it makes me realise that love is so great.感谢您的浏览。Some people are living in our heart, especially their voice.As to Rose,Jack had gone,but the memory is still living on and on.写作水平有限。 Look into their
hearts, you will find theres nothing there to hide.
I enjoy the movie《Titanic》 every much!作文仅供参考。
2013成人高考英语
全国各类成人高等学校招生《英语复习考试大纲——专科起点升本科》
教育部高校学生司制订 教育部考试中心总要求
考生应具备一定的听、说、读、写等综合运用英语语言的能力。
要求考生掌握英语的基本语音知识；掌握英语的基础词汇；掌握英语的基本语法规则；具有一定的阅读理解能力；具有一定的口语交际能力；具有初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容 一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则。 1．元音字母在单词中的读音； 2．辅音字母在单词中的读音； 3．常见字母组合的读音。
二、词汇
掌握约3800个基础英语单词和相应的常用词组。
三、语法
掌握下列基本语法规则。 （一）词法 1．名词
可数名词与不可数名词；名词的复数形式；名词的所有格；名词在句中的作用。 2．冠词
不定冠词的基本用法；定冠词的基本用法；不加冠词的基本规则；冠词的习惯用法。 3．代词
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词及其用法。 4．数词
基数词及其用法；序数词的构成及其用法；分数词的构成；小数的用法。 5．形容词与副词
形容词与副词比较等级的构成及其用法。 6．介词
常用介词及其词义；介词与某些动词、形容词、名词的固定搭配；介词短语及其用法。 7．动词
（1）动词的分类：及物动词及不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。
（2）动词的基本形式；动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词；不规则动词的形式。
（3）动词主要时态的构成及其用法。包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，现在完成进行时，一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去完成进行时，一般将来时，将来进行时，将来完成时，过去将来时。
（4）情态动词及其基本用法。
（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及主要用法。 （6）被动语态的构成及其基本用法。 （7）虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。 8．连词
并列连词及其用法；从属连词及其用法。 （二）句法 1．五种基本句型 （1）主语+谓语动词 （2）主语+谓语动词+宾语 （3）主语+连系动词+表语
（4）主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 （5）主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语 2．句子按用途分类
（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及用法；
（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及用法； （3）祈使句的构成及用法； （4）感叹句的构成及用法。 3．句子按结构分类 （1）简单句
（2）并列句及其常用连词 （3）复合句
①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联词； ②定语从句的种类、构成及常用关联词； ③状语从句的种类及其常用关联词。 4．强调句、倒装句和省略句 （三）构词法
1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀 2．合成法 3．转换法
四、阅读理解
以每分钟40~45词的速度，阅读各种题材（社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政治、经济等）和体裁（记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等）。生词不超过2%的中等难度的文字材料。要求理解所读材料的大意，
掌握主要事实和有关的具体细节，辨别作者的基本态度或观点，根据有关信息进行一定的推理、判断或引申。
五、短文写作
要求考生写出一篇100-120词左右的短文。试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或给出段首句要求续写。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语言错误。写作的内容包括日常生活、一般常识和私人信件。体裁以记叙文为主。 考试形式及试卷结构 试卷总分：150分 考试时间：150分钟 考试方式：闭卷，笔式。
试卷内容比例： 试卷题型比例： 客观题 约73% 主观题 约27%
试题难易比例： 容易题 约30% 中等难度题 约50% 较难题 约20%
详细的考查内容和要求如下：
第一部分：语音
共5个小题，每小题1分，共5分。要求从所给的四个单词的划线部分中选出一个与其他三个读音不同的选项。
第二部分：词汇与语法结构
共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。每小题留有空白处，要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案填入空白，使句子意思完整。
第三部分：完型填空
共15个小题，每小题2分，共30分。这部分是一篇200字左右的短文，短文中有15处空白，每个空白为一小题。每小题有四个选项，要求考生在阅读理解文章内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构合理、完整。
第四部分：阅读理解
共20个小题，每小题3分，共60分。这部分由5篇文章组成，阅读量为1500词左右，每篇文章后有若干个问题，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从题后给出的四个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。
第五部分：补全对话
共5个小题，每小题3分，共15分。该部分为一段对话，要求考生在理解对话的基础上，运用所掌握的语言知识，补全对话内容。
短文写作
共1个小题，满分25分。这部分要求考生根据题目或所给情景、段首句写出一篇短文。
以上内容总结为下表：
成人高考英语2
一、语音题
1. A. climb B. job C. disturb D. club
{{ ［字母的发音］（中）#A
2. A. sweater B. meant C. pleasure D. pleased
{{ ［字母的发音］（中）#D
3. A. drunk B. dusty C. duty D. drug
{{ ［字母的发音］（中）#C
4. A. peathe B. nothing C. clothes D. weather
{{ ［字母的发音］（中）#B
5. A. prove B. rose C. wrote D. poke
{{ ［字母的发音］（中）#A
二、单项选择题
6. Regular exercise can you against heart disease.
A. fight B. protect C. keep D. support
{{ ［动词］（易）#B
7. Over a hundred people expressed their worries, but were willing to help.
A. some B. many C. few D. little
{{ ［代词］（易）#C
8. You cant do anything else until you your homework.
A. finished B. will finish
C. have finished D. had finished
{{ ［时态］（较难）#C
9. First draw a line the middle of the page. Then write a word in the space above the line.
A. across 13. over C. between D. within
{{ ［介词］（易）#A
10. The manager had Ms. Brunell the new assistant around yesterday.
A. to show B. showed C. showing D. show
{{ ［词组］（易）#D
11. Send for a doctor quickly. The man
A. will die B. is dying C. dies D. died
{{ ［时态］（中）#B
12. I enjoy listening to Miss:: White; my English teacher, ，I can only understand about half of what she says,
A. when B. because C. if D. though
{{ ［连词］（易）#D
13. The bag is very heavy. Come and lend me a hand, ?
A. should you B. do you C. can you D. will you
{{ ［附加疑问句］（易）#D
14. After working for two hours, I found impossible to complete the paper in time.
A. me B. this C. that D. it
{{ ［代词］（较难）#D
15. It was very kind of you to clean the office, though you
A. neednt do B. wouldnt have
C. didnt have to D. mustnt have done
{{ ［情态动词］（较难）#C
16. The faster anything goes up into the sky,
A. it reaches the highest B. it reaches the higher
C. the highest it reaches D. the higher it reaches
{{ ［比较级］（难）#D
17. Joe took his friends there by a shortcut, reduced the drive from 50 minutes to 15.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
{{ ［疑问词］（较难）#B
18. there like that, you remind me of your father.
A. To sit B. Being sitting C. Sitting D. Sit
{{ ［状语］（较难）#C
19. He told me that the number of students to be admitted at that time.
A. had not been decided on B. were not decided on
C. has not been decided on D.are not decided on
{{ ［谓语］（难）#A
20. Jack told his daughter that she could have she wanted for
Christmas.
A. which B. whatever C. that D. whenever
{{ ［代词］（中）#B
三、完型填空
1． It was the late spring of 1979, a hot Saturday afternoon. Hundreds of us sat .1 , side by, side, in rows of wooden chairs on the maincampus lawn (校园草坪). We 2 blue robes (毕业生长袍). We listened carefully to long 3 . When the ceremony (典礼)was 4_,we threw! our caps in the air, and we were officially graduated from college.
After that, I found Morrie Schwartz, my 5 professor, and introduced him to my 6 .. He was a small man who took small steps, as ifa 7 wind could; at any time, 8 him up:into the cloudS! His teeth were in good shape: When he smiled it was as if you had just 9 him the funniest joke on earth.
He told my parents how I 10 every class he taught. He told them,
（1）. A. along B. around C. beside D. together
（2）.A. took B. wore C. put on D. got in
（3）. A. lectures B. dialogues C. speeches D. reports
（4）. A. on B. up C. over D. away
（5）. A. lovely B. precious C. happy D. favorite
（6）. A. parents B. elder pothe? C. girl friend D friends
（7）. A. strong B.north C. warm D. cold
（8）. A. beat B. pull C. blow D. wipe
（9）. A. made B. told C. played D. given
（10）. A. left B. reached C. missed D.
took
（11）. A. special B. pave C. busy D. serious
（12）. A. astonished B. pleased C. disappointed D. nervous
（13）. A. handed B. sent C. delivered D. pought
（14）. A. While B. But C. And D. For
（15）. A. conversatior B. mind C: company D. touch
{{ ［语言运用］（易）#DBCCDAACBDABACD
四、阅读理解
1． After working long hours On her feet everyday in the operating ,room, Taryn Rose knew a lot about foot pain. But unlike most of her colleagues(同事),she turned her pain into money: Today she is the boss of Taryn Rose International, a $528 million company that makes nice and comfortable shoes.
At the beginning, Rose realized the only thing that could stop her was fear of ,failure.
good job? If I failed, would I be okay facing them? And: t thought, So what? I can go back for further study in medicine. I started to accept that it would be okay to say, I failed, but I tried. Once I was comfortable with that th6fight, the fear came to an end. I realized I feared regret more than failure. And after you turn to the path you choose, there is nothing acceptable but Success
Now, Rose has no regrets about leaving medicine.
Looking back, Rose admits she caught a couple of lucky peaks.
（1）. Before starting:her shoe business, Taryn Rose was a
A. nurse B. worker C. doctor D. boss
（2）. Rose realized later was the most fearful for her to have or face in her job change.
A. failure B. regret C. family D. colleagues
（3）. What did her former professor think about Rose and her new job?
A. She doesnt have to meet many people in her office.
B. Her new work is qtiite different from her old job.
C. She can now serve more people than before.
D. Hernew work is much more difficult.
（ 4）. Which of thefollowing can best!explain the last sentence in the passage?
A. You have to do what you can afterluck pings you opportunities.
B. You should open the door when opportunities come to you.
C: YOu haveto be prepared for walking through the door.
D. You should open your eyes to see opportunities clearly.
{{ ［细节理解］（中）#CBCAB
2. Last fall was a first-of-its-kind season. I did not arrange (安排) any
after-school classes formy children. No swimming.No music lessons. No play dates. Nothing.
Once they finished their homework, they were free to do what they pleased, but only onehour of TV. In the beginning, my sons, Ben, 11, and Nick, 9, were anxious about this sudden,unplanned freedom. I had to, push them out of the door with a ball, a bike, and so on.
I learned that this new plan takes time, patience and a lot of faith in the theory that havingexcellent grades isnt really important.
When my older kids, now in college and high school, were young, I pought in the rules ofmodern parenting. They are unspoken, but followed carefully. First, you must let your childhave a variety of activities. After all, you never know where youll find a genius (天才). Second, if the child shows the slightest talent (才能), the activity must be pushed with lessons, special
coaching (辅导) and practice of several days a week. Every minute should be taken and every minute has a purpose. That was really too much for my children.
Now with the new plan, we told stories, We listened to music. And the. kids played with bikes, balls, and whatever was handy. Nobody kept score. In fact, the boys played outside so much that the lawn was worn down to the soil in places. Theyve made friends with those who come from all over the
neighbourhood to play games.
We like those peaceful evenings. Ben and Nick have a good time this fall, MaYbe thats because the time offhas allowed us to enjoy each others company;
（1）.What was new for the family last fall?
A. The children began to learn music when school was over.
B. The writer arranged no extra lessons for the children.
C.The writer found no time to play with the sons.
D. The children had nothing toclo alter schooli
（2）. At the beginning of that season the children
A. hatedto spend more time on their homework
B. felt excited about making their own decisions
C. were pleased to have more freedom
D; were worried about thechange
（3）. According to ,modern parenting
A. make use of every minute to be with the children
B. provide coaching and practice for each, activity .
C. try ex, cry means to find a childs real talent
D. know the rules but never talk about them
（4）. From the passage we learn that
A. children like storytelling more.than bike-riding
B. parents should teach theirchildren how to make a plan
C. children should have time to enjoy themselves after school
D. parents can enjoy their evenings when children play with others
{{ ［细节理解］（中）#BDCC
3. A woman:heads into apopular New York City coffee shop on a cold: winter rooming. Just ahead of her, a man drops a few papers. The woman
pauses to help gather them. A clerk ata busy store thanks a customer who has just bought something.
nice day.
However, in her best-selling book Talk to the Hand, Lynne Truss argues that common good manners such as saying
Is it really true? We decided to find out if good manners are really hard to see. In this politeness study, reporters were sent to many cities in the world. They performed three experiments:
In New York, 60 tests (20 of each type)were done. Along the way, the reporters met all types of people: men and women of different races, ages,
professions (职业), and income levels. And guess what? In the end, four out of every five :people they met passed their: politeness test making New York the most polite city in the study.
（1）. What does Lynne Truss argue in Talk to the Hand?.
A. People are not as polite as they used to.
B.
D. People dont care about manners any more.
（2）. What is TRUE about the politeness study discussed in the passage?
A. The study was reported in many cities of the world.
B. New York was the most suitable city for the experiment.
C. Sixty tests were designed to see if people are polite to each other.
D. Experiments were performed to see if common good manners exist.
（3）. What is found in the study?
A. More people passed the tests in New York than in any other cities.
B. Different kinds of people acted differently in the New York tests.
C. Four out of five people passed the politeness test in the study.
D. Many people in the experiment passed the tests by guessing.
{{ ［细节理解］（中）#ADA
4. This is not a diet (减肥食谱) or a hard ~exercise program. Nobody can stick to those for long. Instead, its a simple way to make weight loss a natural part of the life you already live. And guess what? Its fun! You dont have to give up the foods you love or do regular exercises. Its about balancing
calories(平衡卡路里) in tiny ways that add up to big benefits (好处). You just use some tricks the
Get face time We use e-mailso much that weve forgotten what our
colleagues look like.
Pick a colleague or two who sit farthest from you: and deliver 10 of those daily messages in person. And go out of your way: go to a bathroom ora copy machine on another floor and take the stairs, of course.
Think about your drink Consider beer or wine instead of a frozen drink: A glass of regular beer has 140 calories and a serving of wine has 126 calories, while a strawberry daiquiri has about 300 and a margarita 340.
Reduce a total of 100 calories each day and youll be able to lose about 10 pounds in a year. This is really not difficult to do.
（1）. What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A. How to do exercises daily.
B. How to lose weight easily.
C. How to work comfortably.
D: How to eat and drink regularly.
（2）. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Thin people sit fewer hours daily than heavy people.
B. People deliver messages to their colleagues in person. C. More people walk around when they talk on the phone.
D. Heavy people make longer phonecalls than thin people,
（3）.What does the writer mean by “face time” in Paragraph 37
A. Time for getting to know each other. B. Time for sharing ideas face to face.
C. Time for doing small jobs, D. Time for sharing ideas face to face
（4）. Which of the following probably has the most calories?
A. Strawberry daiquiri. B. Regular beer.
C. Margarita: D. Wine.
{{ ［细节理解］（难）#BABC
五、补全对话
根据中文提示，把对话中缺少的内容写在答题卡相应题号后。 这些句子必须符合
英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句；打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：Daniel(D)去火车站迷了路。他问一个女孩(G)，她也不熟悉这个地方。询问警察
(P)后得知，可以乘坐12路公共汽车。去最近的12路车站只需沿街直行，然后在第二个红绿灯(traffic lights)处右转。
D: Excuse me, 1 ? Im completelylost.
G: Oh, Im sorry. Im a stranger here myself. Why dont you ask the
policeman over there?
D: Excuse me, officer. Im asking about the way to the train station.
P: 2 Just get off at the last stop and there it is.
D: Yes, Bus No. 12, 3 ?
P: Go ahead this way 4 Youll see the bus stop there.
D: Thanks a lot.
P: 5
{{ ［整体理解］（易）# can you tell me where the train (/railway) station is/can you show me the way to the train (/railway) station
. You may take Bus No. 12 / Bus No. 12 will take you there
. but where is the nearest (bus) stop / but how can I find the nearest (bus) stop . Turn right at the second traffic lights
. Youre welcome / My pleasure
六、书面表达
. 假设你是李明，在本市主要商业区的一家银行找到工作后，给Jack发电子邮件，告诉他：
1．下周搬到牛津大道(Oxford Street)14号城市花园3-12室居住，该地靠近银行：
2．虽然离Jack家远了，但仍会像过去一样常去拜访他们；
3．欢迎Jack前往新家作客，电话为7635089。
注意：词数应为100左右。
{{ ［写作能力］（易）# Hi, Jack,
Ive got a new job at a bankin the main business area of the city. Im moving to 3-12 City Garden, 14 Oxford Streetnext week. Its quite close to the bank. Ive almost finished packing and hopefully the move will go smoothly.
Though my new home is about an hours drive from your place, Im sure Ill have time to visit you and your family often, as I did in the past years. You are welcome to visit my new home anytime at weekends. Call me at 7635089 and let me know how youredoing.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
成人高考英语常考语法
英语常考语法
一、动词时态及语态题(记住九种时态，特别是其中的过去完成，过去进行时，客观真理要用一般现在时等)
1、The manager told us that this factory was built in 1958.
2、By the time we got there， the play had already begun.
3、When I was a child， I knew that the earth turns about its axis.
4、When Mr.Delay got home after a days exhausting work， his wife and children were sleeping.
二、非谓语动词题(特别是现在分词与过时分词的区别，要弄明白主动与被动这对最最重要的区别)
1、The film showed last night was very moving. (不用moved，大家别忘了-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别)
2、Having finishing his lecture， the teacher asked if anyone wished to asked a question.
3、The problem being discussed is very important.
4、Given more time， we are sure to finish it.
5、Will you please make yourself known to everyone here
三、It作形式主语及形式宾语题(it本身是没有意思的，注意it还可以指时间，天气等。)
1、It is difficult to study English well.
2、We think it is important to pass the exam.
四、强调句型( it is (was)…that…句型如果前面是it is（was）后面往往选用that，强调人的时候也可用who )
1、It was at an evening party that I first saw her.
2、It is what you will do that is important.
3、When was it that he bought a new car
五、倒装句型
全部倒装句
1、Stop talking! There comes the teacher.
部分倒装句(如果选项里面有两个主谓倒装了，两个没有，我们一般要在倒装里做选择)
1、So badly was he hurt in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital.
2、Not only does he study well， but also he is always ready to help others.
3、Mary has done well in the English exam. So she has. She always does well in the exam.
六、从句中选择关系词题(重点在定语从句， because since now that as for； so…that ；such… that等)
1、It was in so friendly a way that he talked with us.
2、Oct.15， 2005 is a day when we will take our English examination.
3、We want to buy the same book as you are reading.
4、The sun heats the earth， which is very important to living things.
七、虚拟语气(要记住与现在，过去，将来相反的三种情况，特别是与过去相反的情况最常考，再有就是wish 、as、 if 后面所接的三种情况，还有一个常考点在suggest，demand，require，order等表示建议，要求，命令的词后面加从句时，从句里谓语要用(should)+动词原形，如果是被动则用(should +be +动词过去分词)
1、I would have done it better if I had had more time.
2、I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
3、I suggest that we (should )adopt a different policy.
4、Had it not been for your help， we would never have been able to get over the difficulties.
八、情态动词题(除了掌握常见情态动词基本用法外，常考点在三种表推测的情况，分别为must表对现在事情的肯定推测 ，cant表对现在事实的否定推测， must have +v-ed表示对过去事实的肯定推测，而则表示过去应该做某事而没有做)
1、The ground is so wet， it must have rained last night.
2、She must be a doctor， I think.
3、I should have called you last week， but I was too busy then.
九、几组形容词及副词区别题(注意比较级、最高级、倍数表达; likely、possible、probable； worth、worthy； too much、much too； already等)
1、His books are three time as many as my books.
2、The Nile river is the longest river in the world.
3、It is much too hot tonight.
4、The harder he worked， the happier he felt.
十、主谓一致题(往往出题者都是考谓语动词选单数这种情况，如each，every，everyone这样的词作主语以及Mary， like many other girls likes listening to music这样的题)
1、The moral of the officers and crew was very high.
2、Each boy and each girl in the city is asked to go to school.
3、Neither the quality nor the prices have changed.(近位原则)
十一、动词及动词词组区别题(常考的有raise、rise、risen、rose; spend、cost、take、pay、afford; wound、injure、hurt、damage; find、find out 、discover、invent; hit、strike、ring、beat; tell、say、speak、talk; join、join in、take part in等动词短语)
1、Can you tell the difference between these two words
2、He joined the army three years ago.
十二、主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时(或现在完成时)表将来题
1、They will leave the classroom when they have finished writing.
2、We will start to work as soon as our teacher comes.
十三、名词所有格以及名词后面有限定时则该名词前一定要加定冠词the (名词的格有以下两种情况，Tom’book， 以及 the books of our school，特别是用of表示的所有格我们一定要习惯这种表达)
1、Beijing is the capital of China.
2、He cant have the experience of all of the world.
十四、常用介词区别题(如on，in，except，besides，within，without，through等)
1、You should write in ink not with your pencil.
2、He pulled her into the train by the arm.
3、by bus，train，air…。 On foot，on the farm，in the morning，afternoon，evening， at night，noon
十五、常考代词题(常考的有other，others，another，the other; sometimes，some time，sometime; that…which; that…what， neither…nor，either…or; too，also，either; many，much，a great deal of，a great number of，a great amount of；a few，few，little，a little;；as long as，as far as; so long as，so far as )
1、That you dont like him is none of my business.
2、The weather in the north is much colder than that in the south in January.
3、He must be a worker. I think so.
英语成人高考高起点数词(1)
第三章 代词
一． 人称代词
主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us you them
物主代词
形容词性 my your his her it’s our your their
名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourself yourselves themseves
试体会下列人称代词的用法：
（1）He seated himself at the back of the classroom.（反身代词只作宾语、同位语和表语）
（1） Please help yourself to some fish.
（2） Sometimes he doesn’t believe in himself.-
（3） --Who is knocking at the door? ---It’s me.
（4） The poor boy was himself.
（5） This book is mine, not his.
（6） He’s an old friend of mine, not hers.
（7） You, he and I have worked together for ten years.（注意人称代词的顺序）
（8） ---Nice to see you here. ---Me, too.（这里不能用I：我也如此。）
（9） All of us should learn from them all.
考点1.人称代词,物主代词的常用考点：
1.人称代词用作为表语时，与动词前的代词或名词同格：
eg.1.Do you think the thief to be © .
A.I B.his C. him D.man
2.I thought it was (D) .
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
2.在名词双重所有格里的物主代词用法
3.(C).The man you met in the street is a friend of __________.
A.I B.my C.mine D.me
3.在比较时注意前后对称
4.(D).Our classroom is larger than ____________.
A.you B.your C.yous D.yours
4.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：‚第二人称，第三人称，第一人称‛。
如：You, she and I all enjoy the music.
但是，复数应为‚第一人称，第二人称，第三人称‛。
Eg.We,you and they are friendly to one another.
考点2.反身代词的常用考点
1. 掌握其固定结构：
enjoy oneself=have a good time (过得很愉快)
learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自学)
devote oneself to献身于
come to oneself 苏醒过来; 醒悟过来; 恢复理性
speak to oneself自言自语
teach oneself自修
help oneself to sth(随便吃/喝 些...) Help yourself to some meat!请自己吃点肉吧！
for oneself为自己; 代表自己; 独力地; 亲自地 One should not live for oneself alone.
一个人不应只是为自已活着。
(all)by oneself=alone单独地，独自
of oneself自动地, 自发地 The door opened of itself.
2. 注意oneself与one’s own的区别 eg.I myself don’t know how to express myself in my own words.
同位语 宾语 定语
三 。相互代词
each other(两者) each other’s彼此的
one another(三者or以上) one another’s彼此的
eg. We should help each other/one another ,learn from each other/one another.
四。指示代词
this---that
these---those
考点3.such---so
such+noun, so+adj. or adv. 但是 只说so many/much/few/little+noun
不说such many/much/few/little+noun
such a good boy可转换成so good a boy
such as
eg.He’s such a good student that all the teachers like him.
=He’s so good a student that all the teachers like him.
He ‘s surprised that such liittle animals can eat so many things. （这里的little指‚小‛）
He knows so little English that he cannot understand the native speakers at all.（这里的little指‚少‛）
I have never heard of (C ) as he is.
A.such great man B.such great a man C.such a great man D.a such great man
It is (D ) day.
A.so beautiful the B.so a beautiful C.such beautiful a D.such a beautiful
He cried out,‛ (C ) careless man before!‛
A.Never I met with such a B.I never met with such a
C.Never have I met with such a D.Never have I met a such
the same as
eg. He is the same age as his wife.
五.疑问代词
谁who,what
Who are you? It’s me.
What are you? I’m a teacher.
考点4.什么what（范围确定） which哪个（范围不确定）
_________do you like better, cofee or tea?
A. which B. what
考点5.如何how 三个‚如何‚不用how,而用what 的句型:
1.What is +S+like? What’s the weather like today?
2.What do you do with +sb/sth? What do you do with the old bike?
但是How do you deal with+sb/sth?
3.What do you think of +sb/sth?但是How do you feel+sb/sth?
年龄 how old
考点6.距离 how far
长度 how long for+时间段; since+时间点
How far is it from here to the station? A twenty-minute walk.
How long does it take to fly from Beijing to Shanghai? Two hours.
Hoe long have you been in Beijing? For two years.
考点7.频度 how often
多快 how soon+将来时(用in+时间段回答)
eg. How long does it take to fly to Beijing?
Take the medicine 3 times a day.(how often?)
The pidge will be completed in a week.(how soon)
时间when 几点钟what time
原因why
地点whare
考点8. 关联词的用法
主句 定语从句
先行词+ 关联词+主+谓
人 that or主who 宾whom/who(或省略) 定whose
物 that or主which 宾which(或省略) 定whose
先行句+ 关联词+主+谓
as(象一样)可放主句前
which不可放主句前
eg. I was late again, which made my teacher angry.
He is a top student in our class,as is known to us./As is known to us,he is a top student
in our class.
七.替代词 =yours
=your one替代词
考点9.（1）one,ones,that,those的用法
one替代上文出现的可数名词的单数形式
ones替代上文出现的可数名词的复数形式
the ones=those
eg. The ones(=Those) who are League members will take part in the activity.
that替代上文出现的不可数名词; that=the one
eg.The population of China is larger than that of USA.
A. This story is more interesting than that one.
B. The population of China is larger than that of India.
C. The culture and customs of America are more like_______of England than of any other country.
A. that B.those C.ones D.these
（分析：that只能用来代替上文提到的单数名词；ones前面必须有修饰语；those可以替代前
面提到的复数名词，但不能用these，所以答案应该是 B。）
D. These trees look healthier than__________along the road.
A.those B.other C.another D.ones
(2) one／ones和that／those是指同类而不同物，it／them 指同类而且同物。
A. This pen isn’t the one I lost yesterday.
B. Girls in Class Two are more active than those in Class One.
C. Yesterday I lost my watch. But I haven’t found it yet.
D. ---Have you returned the books?
---Yes, I have. I have just returned them yet.-（指代前面的the books）
A.it B.cost C.any D.that
F.The house built of pick lasted longer than A.one B.that C.ones D.those
G.A house built of pick lasted longer than A.one B.that C.the one D.those
如:
1. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ____.
A. it B. those C. them D. one
2. -Why dont we take a little peak?
-Didnt we just have____?
A. it B. that C. one D.this
3. Mr Zhang gave textbooks to all the pupils except ____ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others
(3)so和not常接在某些语气比较委婉的动词之后以代替that从句的全部或部分。这些动词
有：think，expect，hope，believe，suppose，imagine，guess，say，be afraid等。
A.---Do you think it’s going to rain? ---Yes, I think so.
B.---Will he come to join us? ---I hope not.
注意：（1）think，believe，expect，suppose等否定可有两种形式：
I think not= I don’t think so.
（2）其他动词只有一种说法：I hope not.但不可以说：I don’t hope so.
八.不定代词
1.some+可数名词or不可数名词 用于肯定句
any+可数名词or不可数名词 用于否定句, 疑问句
但是，在表示请求，建议的句子里，不用any要用some
eg. Would you like some coffee?
实例:There must be _____ book which could help .
A. some B. any C. one D. one useful
答案是A项。some除了用作数量词外，还可用来泛指未知的人或事物。又如：There must
be some reason for what he has done . (他所做的事肯定基于某种原因。)
2.many+可数名词 =a number of , a good many,plenty of
much+不可数名词 =a great/good deal of, an amount of
3.few, a few+可数名词
little, a little+不可数名词 only a few=few 极少 not a bit=not at all一点也不
quite a few=many 不少 not a little=much 许多
eg.( B ) He has only a few friends, so he feels _________.
A.alone B.lonely C.happy D.happily
few,little看作为否定词
eg. He made few mistakes in his homework, did he?
You have little money with you, do you?
4.与数量有相关的不定代词(概括代词)
两者 三者或以上
都 both (谓：复数) all (谓：单数—指不可数名词；复数---指可数名词)
eg.All of us like him.
All(matter)that shines isn’t gold.
都不 neither(谓：单数) none(谓：单数or复数;可指人or 物；强调数量；回答how
many?)
nobody/no one(谓：单数;强调谁；回答who?)
eg.How many boys are there in your classroom?None.
Who is in your classroom?No one/Nobody.
任何一个 either any
每一个 each each
every
eg. There are trees either/each side of the street.
There are trees both sides of the street.
every/each的区别
(1) each强调个性，可作主语、定语、宾语和同位语。every强调整体，只作定语。
(2) each可用于两者或两者以上；every用于三者或三者以上。
Eg.We like every teacher/ each of teachers/不能说Every likes his teacher.
熟读下列句子试体会以上概括代词的用法：
1. Both of them are advanced teachers.= They are both advanced teachers.（注意作主语和同位语时
的位置，下同）
2. All of them are engineers.= They are all engineers.
3. Either sentence is right.=Both of the sentences are right.
4. 4.I know neither of the teachers.（这两个老师我谁都不认识。）
5. None of the students in our class have/has been to that island.
6. She cut the cake into pieces and gave one to each of the children.
Note: none与nobody/no one的用法
(1)在回答how many时，用none；在回答 who时，用nobody／no one。
A---How many elephants did you see in the zoo？----None.
B.---Who helped you repair the radio?？—Nobody/No one.
(2)none可以跟of„短语连用，而nobody／no one不能与of„短语连用。
D. None of them is a party member.（这里不能用nobody／no one
来代替none。下同）
E. None of us know（s）how to do it.
Ex
( C ).There are thirty students in our class._____ of them are League members.
A.No one B.Either
( B ).My parents are ______ doctors.
A.all B.both
( B ) ______ of the students likes football.
A.Every B.Each
( B ). _____ of the three boys is honest.
A.All B.Any
(A ). ______ of her parents is in good health..
A.Either B.Both
( C ) ______ of you are correct..
A.Either B.Neither C.All C.every C.Everyone C.Either C.All C.Both D.Both D.each D. All D.Every D.None D. Each
5. other, others (范围不确定)
the other, the others(范围确定)
another (三者或以上的任何一个)只用于单数名词前，而 other可以用于单数
或复数名词前。 范围不确定) 范
围确定)
If you don’t like this pen, you can choose 三者或以上的任何一个) one„the other是指“两个／者中一个„„另一个„„”；some …the others
1).I have lost my key. Please give me another, Mum.
2)Mr. Brown has two sone: one is a pilot, and the other is an engineer.
3)I’ve got eight pencils. Two of them are red, and the others are blue.
4)Some students are planting trees, some are carrying water, and others are watering the trees.
5)He goes to see his girl friend eavery other day.
6)e did that for some other reason.
7)Our school needs another two English teachers.
=Our school needs two other English teachers.
=Our school needs two more English teachers.（我们学校还需要两位英语老师。）
Some people hope to be more successful while__________simply want to feel more comfortable.
A.the others B.others C.the other D.another
6.复合不定代词 some/any/no/every+thing/body/one
a. 复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数第三人称
b. 形容词修饰复合不定代词，必须后置
( D ) Theres ____ in todays newspaper.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
7.It的用法
（1） 指代上文或下文出现的名词的单数形式
A.---Where’s my bike? ---It’s over there.
B.How is the coffee? ---It’s very nice.
这种指代有时也可以是一个完整的句子。
---John failed in the exam.---It’s natural. He never studies.(it指代John failed in the exam)
(2) 用来代替this ，that
A.---What’s this?----It’s a dictionary.（这里只能用it，不能用this）
B.---Whose pencil is this ---It’s mine.
(3) 起指示代词的作用，指代谈话中的人或物
A.---who knocking at the door? ---It must be Jack.
B.Is it a boy or girl? ---It’s boy.
(4) 指代时间、天气、距离、环境情况等
A.---What time is it now? ---It’s five o’clock.
B.What day is it today?----It’s Friday.
C.What’s the weather like today?----It’s sunny/fine/rainy/snowy/windy/foggy.
D.It’s very noisy/quite outside.
(5).it作形式主语的三个句型
A. It(形式主语)+be+adj.+ to do./ doing
+that-clause
+whether/when…-clause
eg. 1.It is wrong to tell a lie.
2.It is true that he has failed.
3.It is certain whether he will be here or not.
4.It is good manners to thank others when they help you.
5.It’s not easy to finish in two days.
6.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.A（注意这里只能用crying，不能用to cry。no 后面要用ing
形式）
7. It’s not a good habit to stay up late.A（注意这里只能用to stay，不能用staying）
8. It is quite important that China becomes an official member of WTO.中国成为世贸组织的正
式成员是十分重要的。
B. It(形式主语)+be+adj.+for/of sb+to do.(adj.表示人的品质时，用of;否则，用for)
表示人的品质形容词,主要有cruel, pave, rude, kind, foolish, wise, stupid, polite, clever
其它形容词,主要有necessary, possible, impossible, important
C.(1).It+seems/ appears/ happens+that +S+V. 可转换为
S+ seems/ appears/ happens+to +V.
Eg. It seems that he is ill.= He seems to be ill.
(2).It+is said/told/reported/believed+that +S+V. 可转换为
S+ is said/told/reported/believed +V.
It is reported that a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.据报道,上个月这个城市的
许多人都失业了。
It seems to me that the maths problem is too easy for her.在我看来,这道数学题对她来说太简
单。
(6) it作形式宾语 it作形式宾语,常用在6123结构中.
6 指主句中常用的动词：think/ believe/ feel/find/ consider,regard,suppose,
make,take,imagine；
1 指的是形式宾语 it；
2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；
3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。
eg. A.that B.it C.very D.yourself
2.Exhaused(筋疲力尽) after the day’s work, A.it was difficult for him B.for him it was difficult
C.he found it difficult D.he found difficult
C.强调句型
强调句型是英语中的一种重要的句子结构，它是英语学习者必须掌握的一种重要句型，因而在高考英语试卷中占有一席之地，且其命题从基本结构重点难点的角度切入。
一、强调句型的基本结构
强调句型的基本结构为"It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子的其它部分"。当被强调部分为sb.，且在句中作主语时，可用who，也可用that，其它情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。如： It is they who often help me with my lessons.
It is I who am to blame.
It was in Greece that Olympic competitions first started.
It was in 1976 that Tom knew her.
在强调句中，去掉It is/was...that/who后，句子结构仍然完整、正确，句意仍明确、全面。
二、强调成分
1、强调主语、宾语。如:
It was John who/that helped me yesterday. (强调主语)
It was the two girls that the teacher praised yesterday. (强调宾语)
It was the ability to do the job_________matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
强调主语the ability to do the job,故选B。
2、强调状语。如：
It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (强调地点状语)
It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (强调程度状语)
It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (强调方式状语)
It was three years ago that I came to this school. (强调时间状语)
注意：a.强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，要用that,不能用when, where, why或how。如：
It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. (NMET97)
A. that B. until C. before D. when
很明显，这是对时间状语的强调，故选A。
It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty. (NMET 98)
A. until B. that C. then D. so
本句强调时间状语when I reread his poems recently，故选B。
It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春季)
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
本句强调原因状语because of bad weather,故选D。
It was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.
A. where B. in which C. that D.so
本句强调地点状语where there had been a theatre,故选C。
b.使用强调句型对状语进行强调时，有必要将其与下列句型区分开来。
我们来比较下面的句子：
1) It was in the evening that the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (强调句型)
It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (when引导时间状语从句，it表示时间)
2) It was at 3 oclock that they came back. (强调句型)
It was 3 oclock when they came back. (when引导时间状语从句，it表示时间)
3) It is for three hours that they have been back. (强调句型)
It was three hours before they came back. (before引导时间状语从句，it表示时间)
It is three hours since they came back. (since引导时间状语从句，it表示时间)
再如：It was raining when they came back.
It is true that he once went to Canada.
It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.
3、对"not...until..."结构的强调，要用"It is/was not until...that..."这一固定句型。由于否定已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。如： It was not she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star. (NMET 92)
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
正确答案为B。
It was not until 1920 regular radio poadcasts began. (NMET95)
A. while B. which C. that D. since
正确答案为C。
4、强调含有定语从句的主、宾、状语时，要确定好强调标志"that"的位置。如：
Was it at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood?
It was in the shop which was opened last month that he bought the book.
It was the girl whose father worked apoad that lent me the book.
Was it in 1982 when you were in college that you got to know her?
三、强调句型的疑问句型
例一：Was it during the Second World War ___________he died? (MET88)
A. that B. while C. in which D. then
此句为强调句的一般疑问句，故选A。
再如：Is it you who often help the old woman with her housework ?
Was it in her fifties that Mary began to learn Russian ?
Was it at a theatre that Apaham Lincoln was shot ?
强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it...that/who...?
例二：Who _________helped you work out the maths problem ?
A. was he B. it was who C. was it that D. it was
此句为强调句型的特殊疑问句，故选C。
再如：Where was it that you found the lost child ?
Who was it that invented the telephone?
Why was it that you refused his offer of help ?
How was it that they managed to finish the work in such a short time ?
强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词＋is/was it that...？注意在强调句的疑问句型中，强调标志that/who后只能使用陈述语序。 比较：Was it by plane that did he come back ?(×)
Was it by plane that he came back? (√)
When was it that the Second World War poke out? (√)
When was it that did the Second World War peak out ?(×)
巩固练习：
1.It is these poisonous products__________can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2003 )
A. who B. that C. how D. what
2.I feel it is your husband who__________for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame
3.It was for this reason__________her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001 )
A. which B. why C. that D. how
4.-Where was it__________the road accident happened yesterday ?
-In front of the market.
A. when B. that C. which D. how
5.It was not until she had arrived home__________her appointment with the doctor.
A. did she remember B. that she remembered C. when she remembered D. had she remembered
6.It was not until 1956__________liberated.
A. that the town was B. did the town C. was the town D. that was the town
参考答案：1-6 BACBBA
It is …that英语句型系列补充强化训练
1.--Where was＿＿＿＿＿＿you picked up the wallet﹖
--Just near the school gate.
A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that
2. I must find out why＿＿＿＿＿＿so many students made the same mistake.
A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that
3. How many years is it＿＿＿＿＿＿your sister came to work here﹖
A. after B. since C. before D. until
4. Is it in the factory＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you visited last week＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿this kind of car is made﹖
A.／thatB. wherewhenC. wherethatD.／when
5.＿＿＿＿Its a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I saw you last.
--Yesand what a pity since it will be a long time＿＿＿＿＿＿we see each other again.
A. sincebefore B. beforesince C. untilafter D. afteruntil
6. It was because of bad weather＿＿＿＿＿＿the football match had to be put off.
A. so B. so that C. why D. that
7.It was his remarks＿＿＿＿＿left me wondering about his real purpose.
A. which B. what C. where D. that
8. -- Was it in 1969＿＿＿＿＿＿the American astronaut succeeded＿＿＿＿＿＿landing on the moon﹖ --- Quite right.
A. whenon B. thaton C. whenin D. thatin
9.It was not until 1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regular radio poadcasts began.NMET 95
A. while B. which C. that D. since
10.＿＿＿＿＿＿is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.NMET 95
A. There B. This C. That D. It
11.＿＿＿＿＿was in 1979＿＿＿＿＿I graduated from the university.NMET 98上海
A. Thatthat B. Itthat C .Thatwhen D. Itwhen
12. It was for this reason＿＿＿＿＿＿her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. NMT 2001春，上海
A. which B. why C. that D. how
13. It is the protection for the trees＿＿＿＿really mattersrather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that C.／ D. which
14.-- Was that the new comer who walked by﹖＿＿＿＿＿.
A. It must be that B. It must have been C. He must be D. This must have been
15. Our classroom is very clean.Do you nowho＿＿cleanedit﹖
A. was it that B. it was that C. was it who D.he was
16. Now thenchildren. Its high time you＿＿＿＿＿＿and dressed.
A. washed B. should wash C. were washed D. are washed
17.＿＿＿＿＿the people have become the master of their own country＿＿＿＿＿＿＿science can really serve the people.
A. It is only then；that B. It was that；when C. It is only when；that D. It was when；then
18. It was＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿I met Mr. Green in Shanghai.
A. ten years since B. many years ago that C. five years until D. Two months when key：BDBAA DDDCD BCBBB CCB
D.常用的十个与it 有关的句型
1.It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...句型1 主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式
2.It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...该句型意为"是某人该干某事的时候了".这是一个虚拟语气句型,表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,句型2中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是
① 用过去时态表示虚拟．
② should + 动词原形，should 不能省．常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂
It is high time that we went to school.现在是我们该去上学的时候了。
3. It is /was /will be the first /second...time that...
该句型意为"这是/将是„„第一/二„„次干某事".当主句的谓语动词用is时,从句的谓语动词用现在完成时;当主句的谓语动词用was时,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时;当主句的谓语动词用will be时,从句的谓语动词用一般现在时(表示将来)。如:
It is the first time that I have spoken to a foreigner.这是我首次和一位外国人交谈。
句型3要和句型2区别开来，该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态，至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定，如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态．
该结构中 that 可以省去；
it有时用 this 替换．常译为＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂
4. It is .... since ... 意为"自„„以来已有多长时间了"或"自不„„以来已有多长时间了"。
句型4主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间时间状语连用的问题．主句中是时间作表语，一般是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句一般是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词．如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时．
注意:在该句型中若since从句的谓语动词是非延续性动词,则表示从句中的动作延续多长时间了;若since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词或状态动词,则表示从句中的动作已结束多长时间了,译成汉语时要特别注意.如:
It is just a week since we arrived in Beijing.我们到达北京刚好一星期。
It is five years since I last smoked.我戒烟已有五年的时间了。
5.It is /was /will be +„„+before从句
这一句型意为"还有„„时间就„„".如:
It wont be long before you reach your goal.你离成功不远了。
It wasn’t long before… 不久，。。。。
6. It takes sb.+time+to do sth.
句型6中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间．常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂
7. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
句型号7中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )
8.It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 常译为 ＂不论（是否）．．．没关系．”
9. It looks ( seems ) as if ...
句型９中的 as if 引导一个状语从句，常译为，＂看起来好象．．．＂如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．
Eg. It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）
It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病）
It seemed as if he were dying.
10. It is up to sb. to do sth.
该句型意为"该由某人负责干某事"。如:
It is up to you to look after the children.应该由你负责照看这些孩子。
典型试题：
(1)It was not until 1936______basketball became a part of the Olympic Games.
A.which B.than C.that D.then
(2) It was between 1920 and 1930_______television was invented in America.
A.which B.that C.then D.when
(3)______ took us several hours to clear the snows and open the road to traffic.
A.They B.All C.He D.It
(4)_______ is believed that the more your pain is used , the more work it is able to do.
A.That B.It C.This D.All
(5)_______ doesn’t matter what you do at this point.
A.That B.This C.It D.What
(6) We all regard________our duty to help those who are too poor to go to school.
A.that B.this C.it D.what
Answer CBDBCC
历届高考英语单项选择题精选 "it"的用法
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when ,that B.until,that C.until,that D.when,then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.this C.on D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio poadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.This C.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.that C.then D.so (97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.thes D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000)
KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B
2014成人高考高起点英语(二)
2014成人高考高起点英语考前预测题及答案（二）
一、语音知识(共5小题;每题1.5分，共7.5分。)
在下列每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其它单词的划线部分的读音不同。找出这个词，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。
( )1.A. group B. about C. found D. without
( )2.A. result B. decorate C. suggest D. impress
( )3.A. water B. what C. chalk D. almost
( )4.A. jacket B. radio C. change D. hate
( )5.A. then B. invent C. ever D. eve
二、词汇与语法知识(共25小题;每题1.5分，共37.5分。)
从每小题的四个选择项中，选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
( )6. A computer _______ think for itself; it must be told what to do.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. might not
( )7. Don’t smoke in the meeting-room, ________?
A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you
( )8. —Have you moved into the new house?
—Not yet. The rooms ________.
A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting
( )9. Alexander Graham Bell invented ________ telephone in 1876.
A. B. a C. the D. one
( )10. We ________ each other the best of luck in the examination.
A. hoped B. wanted C. expected D. wished
( )11. ______! There’s a train coming.
A. Look out B. Look around C. Look forward D. Look on
( )12.—Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
—He’s already been _______.
A. asked for B. sent for C. called for D. looked for
( )13._______ he was old and sick did the enemy set him free.
A. Until B. Not until C. Unless D. When
( )14.—We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.
—What do you suppose ________ to her?
A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened
( )15. These players lost the game. They were ______ players.
A. losing B. lost C. lose D. being lost
( )16. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ________ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
( )17.—Do you know Jim quarreled with his pother?
—I don’t know, ________.
A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care
C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also
( )18.—How did you find your visit to the museum?
—I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _______ than I expected.
A. far more interesting B. even much interesting
C. so more interesting D. a lot much interesting
( )19. We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because _______ of us had ______ money on us.
A. all; no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any
( )20. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ______ some bananas and visited her cousin.
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy
( )21. These oranges taste ________.
A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well
( )22. The students ________ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _______ in the office.
A. had written; left B. were writing; has left
C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left
( )23. When and where to build the new factory _______ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
( )24. The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
( )25._______ any frogs when winter comes.
A. You hardly can find B. Hardly you can find
C. You can find hardly D. Hardly can you find
( )26.—The light in the office is still on.
—Oh, I forgot ________.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
( )27. The hero of the story is an artist in his ________.
A. thirtieth B. thirty C. thirty’s D. thirties
( )28. No one can be sure ________ in a million years.
A. what man will look like B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what D. what look will man like
( )29. Without electricity human life _______ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
( )30. John was made _______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
三、完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分，共30分。)
通读下面的短文，掌握其大意。从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选择，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边括号里。
I went there in 1948, no local planes in those days, so I made the trip by bus. It was a thousand kilometers long and it took twenty hours. I sat by a fellow about my own age, 24. He said his name was Karl Packer, but he told me _31__ anything else. He _32__ me because he had so little to say. No opinions, no memories, no tales to _33__. Had his home, his life, the war and so on _34__ no mark at all on him? It was very puzzling. I was glad when the pillows were _35__, and I could politely try to sleep. I _36__ I would never meet him again. The next time I went to Fairbum was in 1974. By _37__, of course. The president was going to “open” the new town, _38__ had taken twenty-six years to be _39_. I sat next to a man of about fifty, whose face was a book. I guessed he had something _40_ to tell me.
The face was rough, pown and lined. There were _41__ of worry and of fear perhaps, two old scars. But _42__ them, and stronger, I saw success and power. I guessed he was the boss of _43__. Perhaps he hadn’t _44__ it big or hadn’t wanted it.
He had done it well, no doubt. The thing had clearly _45__ him the power of decision, _46__. We started to talk „ The next two hours were for me the most interesting and exciting that I remembered. I did not give a quarter as good as I got. He kept me _47__, open mouthed with wonder. Our plane _48__ at Fairbum. I _49__ his hand and thanked him for making the journey so pleasant. I told him my name. “The _50__ was mine,” he said, “I was Chief Engineer here at Fairbum until last year. I built the new town. Karl Packer is the name. Haven’t we met before somewhere?”
( )31.A. hardly B. almost C. nearly D. mostly
( )32.A. moved B. excited C. disappointed D. encouraged
( )33.A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk
( )34.A. kept B. stayed C. remained D. left
( )35.A. set out B. given up C. given out D. sent off
( )36.A. hoped B. considered C. imagined D. dreamed
( )37.A. bus B. land C. air D. chance
( )38.A. it B. that C. which D. this
( )39.A. built B. made C. set D. founded
( )40.A. good B. bad C. wrong D. old
( )41.A. lots B. stories C. lines D. places
( )42.A. on B. above C. over D. in
( )43.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
( )44.A. expected B. wanted C. thought D. regarded
( )45.A. taught B. offered C. gave D. showed
( )46.A. command B. obey C. conclusion D. invention
( )47.A. still B. busy C. quiet D. calm
( )48.A. landed B. flew C. stopped D. fell
( )49.A. snatched B. shook C. seized D. caught
( )50.A. thank B. happiness C. excitement D. pleasure
四、阅读理解(共15小题;每题2分，共30分。)
阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
A
Mike found that young birds in isolation could only make some simple sound. Mike learned that a young bird has to hear other old birds’ song during the period before it is seven weeks old. Then there is a long time until the next spring before the bird begins to sing. And when it does start, it needs to practise before it finally gets the song right.
Further studies have proved that young birds do indeed need musical education. After several of the young birds raised in isolation were put together for about ten months, they learned from one another and finally could sing. The songs they sang, however, were quite different from the wild birds’. On the other hand, the young birds caught after their time was spent listening to the wild birds’ songs, knew how to sing.
( )51. Mike found the truth that _________.
A. birds were born with the ability to sing
B. birds were born without the ability to sing
C. birds were born without the ability to make noises
D. birds were born without the ability to learn how to sing
( )52. Young birds raised in isolation could only make some simple sound because ____.
A. they had no choice but to do so
B. they couldn’t get the chance of practicing
C. they hadn’t heard the old birds’ song
D. they were too young to sing
( )53. The bird begins to sing when _________.
A. it is seven weeks old B. the next spring comes
C. it gets musical education D. it is very happy
( )54. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Why do Birds Learn to Sing? B. When do Birds Learn to Sing?
C. How do Birds Learn to Sing? D. What do Birds Learn to Do?
B
Not many years ago, a wealthy and rather strange old man named Johnson lived alone in a village in the south of England. He had made a lot of money in trading with foreign countries. When he was
seventy-five, he gave ￡ 1200 to the village school to buy land and equipment for a children’s playground.
As a result of his kindness, many people came to visit him. Among them was a newspaperman. During their talk, Johnson remarked that he was seventy-five and expected to live to be a hundred. The newspaperman asked him how he managed to be healthy at seventy-five. Johnson had a sense of humour (幽默). He liked whisky (威士忌酒) and drank some each day. “I have an injection (注射) in my neck each evening,” he told the newspaperman, thinking of his evening glass of whisky.
The newspaperman did not understand what Johnson meant. In his newspaper he reported that Johnson was seventy-five and had a daily injection in his neck. Within a week Johnson received thousands of letters from all over Britain, asking him for the secret of his daily injection.
( )55. The gift of money to the school suggests that Johnson _________.
A. had no children B. was a strange man
C. was very fond of children D. wanted people to know how rich he was
( )56. Many people wrote to Johnson to find out ________.
A. what kind of whisky he had B. how to live longer
C. how to become wealthy D. in which part of the neck to have an injection
( )57. The newspaperman _________.
A. should have reported what Johnson had told him
B. shouldn’t have asked Johnson what injection he had
C. was eager to live a long life
D. should have found out what Johnson really meant
( )58. When Johnson said he had an injection in his neck each evening, he really meant that ________.
A. he drank a glass of whisky in the evening
B. he needed an injection in the neck
C. a daily injection in the evening would make him sleep well
D. there was something wrong with his neck
C
Most great inventors often met with much trouble in their work. Before they could succeed, they had to overcome thousands of difficulties which were put in their way. The following is one of such examples.
George Stephenson (1781~1848), a famous British inventor, made the first train in 1825, using a steam engine. When he was experimenting with the engine on the train, he met with troubles from the government, the newspapers and the gentlemen in the country. They said that the noise and the smoke would kill cows, horses and sheep, that the engine would burst or that the hot coals from it would set fire to their houses. People believed what they said. George Stephenson told the people that train could go on samll rails, could pull carriages full of goods and passengers and that there was no great danger to them. It was a very difficult matter for him to make them believe. However, after some time, he was able to do it, and the first train that was driven by Stephenson himself proved what he had
said. On the train there was a new steam engine. It was invented by him, and was proved a complete success. The first day when the train ran on the rails, people along the way heard the noise of the train in the distance, and saw it running quickly to them.
They thought it was a genie. They ran quickly back home for fear and closed their doors tightly. They did not dare to come out until it had passed. A week later an old woman still said that her hen had been so frightened that it hadn’t laid any eggs for three days.
( )59. The story tells us something about _________.
A. the life of George Stephenson
B. the invention of the train
C. the trouble of Stephenson in his invention
D. the use of the engine on the train
( )60. Troubles came from ________ during the experiment with the engine on the train.
A. the government B. the newspapers
C. the gentlemen in the country D. Not only A and B, but also C
( )61. People along the way were _______ when the first train ran on the rails.
A. greatly frightened B. very happy
C. running quickly to it D. proud of the invention
( )62. People ran quickly back home because they thought _______.
A. a genie was coming B. the train would kill them
C. the train would set fire to their houses D. the smoke would choke them
D
King Albert of the Belgians was born in 1875. In his youth he studied engineering and was especially interested in ships and planes. One of his favorite sports was mountain climbing, and it was as a result of falling while out climbing that he died in 1934. He was 59.
He is best remembered by the Belgians for his leadership during World War I, which poke out in 1914, only five years after he came into power. Belgium was officially a neutral country at the start of the war, but because the Germans could more easily attack France by crossing Belgium, they did not care about Belgium’s neutrality, and invaded it soon after the beginning of war. Albert realized that his small country had no chance of stopping the German army, but decided that rather than just surrender, the Belgian army should fight. Although almost the whole of their country was conquered, the Belgians, led by their king, continued to fight against the Germans throughout the full four years of the war. King Albert’s wife, Queen Elizabeth, also did her best for the country, working in an army hospital. There she did all kinds of work, from sweeping dirty floors to dressing the wounds of wounded soldiers.
( )63. When the war poke out, King Albert was ________.
A. sure of victory and decided to fight on
B. not sure of victory and decided to fight on
C. certain of defeat and yet decided to fight on
D. not certain of victory and so decided not to fight on
( )64. King Albert’s wife ________.
A. was a doctor before she got married
B. worked as a nurse after the war
C. was willing to work at anything for her country
D. was too proud to do dirty work
( )65. King Albert died ________.
A. in a battle B. in an accident
C. in an army hospital D. in the war against Germany
五、补全对话(共5句;每句满分为3分，共15分。)
根据文中提示，将对话中缺少的内容写在在线。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方，用陈述句;打问号的地方，用疑问句。
提示：小刘的录音机出了毛病，来找老赵，要求为他修理。老赵答应了并问小刘录音机有什么毛病，小刘说不知道。他说录音机昨天还正常，今天就坏了。老赵让他把录音机留下并说晚上为他修理。
Liu ：Sorry to trouble you, Lao Zhao. Something has gone wrong with my recorder.
_____________66______________?
Zhao：Certainly, but __________67_________?
Liu ：I don’t know. _________68____________.
Zhao：Just leave it here. _________69___________.
Liu ：Thank you for your help.
Zhao：___________70____________.
六、书面表达(共30分)
提示：假定你是李华，你和几个朋友约定星期天在人民公园野餐(to have a picnic)。你们的英国朋友Peter也应邀参加。请你根据下面的示意图，给他写封短信，告诉他们进公园后如何找到你们。
注意：(1)内容要点：
`从公园正门进 a进门后朝前走 b到小河过桥
c向右拐后朝前走 d绕/爬过小山 e我们在(湖畔)小树林里
(2)词数80—100。
(3)开头语已为你写好。
June 1st, 1998
Dear Peter,
We’re so glad you’re coming to join us on Sunday. Here is how you can find us.
参考答案
一、语音知识
1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.D
二、词汇与语法知识
6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.A 16.A 17.B 18.A 19.C
20.A 21.A 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.C
27.D 28.A 29.D 30.A
三、完形填空
31.A 32.C 33.C 34.D 35.C 36.A 37.C 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.D 43.A 44.A 45.A 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.B
50.D
四、阅读理解
51.B 52.C 53.C 54.C 55.C 56.B 57.D 58.A 59.C 60.D 61.A 62.A 63.C 64.C 65.B
答案：五、补全对话
66.Could you repair / fix it for me
67.What’s wrong with it
68.It was all right yesterday, but today it won’t work
69.I’ll get it fixed this evening
70.You are welcome / Not at all
六、书面表达
June 1st, 1998
Dear Peter,
We’re so glad you’re coming to join us on Sunday. Here is how you can find us. We’ll have our picnic in the People’s Park. You know where that is, don’t you? After you enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream. Cross the stream and turn right. After walking for a while you’ll come to a hill. Walk round to the other side of the hill. There you’ll see a lake. We’ll have our picnic there in the small woods by the lake. I’m sure you’ll have no trouble finding us. Do come!
成人高考专升本英语语法
成人高考专升本英语语法
成人高考专升本英语语法状语从句精讲：
状语从句，指从句as if/though+从句主语+动词过去式+„，表示好像；从句lest+从旬主语+should do+ „„，表示唯恐。转自学易网 www.studyez.com 例：It looks as if it was/were going to rain.
天看起来要下雨。
He put his coat over the girl lest she should catch cold. 他把大衣披在女孩身上唯恐她着凉。
成人高考专升本英语语法定语从句精讲：
定语从句，指It is time that+从句主语+动词过去式或should do+ „„。其中should不能省略。表示：到什么时候了。
例：It is time that we went to bed.
我们该睡觉了。
It is high time that we should make a decision.
我们的确该做个决定了。
成人高考专升本英语语法表语从句精讲：
表语从句，指主语+ is that+从句主语+ should do + „”。从句中的should可省略。做主语的名词有：idea，motion, order，plan，
proposal．recommendation，suggestion，表示想法、计划、提议、建议等。 例：My proposal is that you(should)do the reseach alone． 我的提议是你自己单独作这项研究。
His suggestion is that the meeting(should)be canceled.
他的建议是取消会议。转自学易网 www.studyez.com
成人高考专升本英语语法宾语从句精讲:转自学易网 www.studyez.com
宾语从句,指主语+某些动词+that+从句主语+should+动词原形+„„。从句中的should可省略。这些动词包括：ask, advise, beg, command，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，request, suggest,表示命令、建议、愿望、坚持等。
例：I propose that we(should)move to the new house next week. 我建议我们下个星期搬进新家。
The professor suggested that the meeting(should)be canceled. 教授建议取消会议。
成人高考专升本英语语法主语从句精讲：
主语从句。指It is／was+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形+ „„。从句中的should可省略。It是形式主语，后面that引导的从句才是真正的主语，为主语从句。这种句型的形容词包括：decided，desired，important，necessary，ordered，proposed．requested．required，settled，suggested，表示决定、愿望、重要、必要、建议等。
例：It is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight． 希望今晚我们能把一切都准备好。
It is suggested that the meeting(should)he eancehd
有人建议取消会议。
2009年成人高考英语句子构成复习（一）
1.句子的成分：句子成分是句中起一定功用的一个组成部分。句子成分可以分为八种。
1）主语subject：主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。主语通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、或主语从句担任。
如：To become a professor has been his ambition.当教授一直是他的抱负。（不定式作主语）
What we shall do next is not yet decided.下一步我们做什么还未定下来。（主语从句作主语）
2）谓语predicate：谓语是说明主语的动作或状态的部分。谓语一般由动词或动词短语担任，位置在主语之后。
如：His mother is a doctor.他的妈妈是大夫。（系动词）
We should pay attention to English idioms.我们应注意英语的习语。（动词短语）
3）表语predicative：表语是在连系动词之后表示主语性质、特征、状态或身份的部分。表语通常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、动名词、分词或表语从句担任，位置在连系动词之后。
如：The football match is on.足球赛正在进行。（副词）
All the pupils are on the playground.学生们现在都在操场上。（介词短语）
He seemed surprised at the new.他对这消息似乎感到吃惊。（分词） The key question is how we should solve the problem.关键的问题是我们应该如何解决这个问题。（从句）
4）宾语object：宾语表示及物动词的对象或内容。介词后面的名词或代词叫做介词宾语。宾语通常由名词、代词、数词或与之相当的结构但任，位置在及物动词或介词之后。
如：Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? 你明天早点来行吗？（动名词）
I don’t know where he has gone.我不知道他去哪了.(从句)
5）补语complement：补语用于补充说明主语或宾语。补语通常由形容词、名词或其他相当的结构担任。补语分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。
宾语补足语：
如：The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.医生建议她卧床休息一周。（动词不定式）
They saw her walking into the bookstore.他们看见她进了书店了。（分词）转自学易网 www.studyez.com
You should put your books in order.你应该把书摆整齐。（介词短语） 主语补足语：含有宾语补足语的句子改为被动语态时，原宾语和宾语补足语变为主语和主语补足语。
如：we found him working in the office.我们发现他正在办公室工作。 He was found working in the office.他被发现在办公室工作。（分词作主补）
6）定语attributive：定语用于限定或修饰名词或代词，通常由形容词或与之相当的结构担任。单词作定语一般放在被修饰语的前面，短语或从句作定语放在被修饰语的后面。
如：He is an honest boy.他是一个诚实的男孩。（形容词）
The girl playing the violin is a freshman.拉小提琴的那个女孩是一年级学生。（分词短语）
Those who want to go may go.想去的人都可以去。（从句）
7）状语adverbial：状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。状语通常由副词或与之相当的结构担任。转自学易网 www.studyez.com
如：He went to France to learn English.他去法国学英语。（不定式） He is leaving for Shanghai the day after tomorrow.他后天动身去上海。（名词短语）
8）同位语appositive：同位语位于名词或名词性短语之后，说明其内容。同位语通常由名词、名词性短语或从句担任。
如：Then aroused the question where we were to get the machine needed.这时就产生了一个问题：我们到哪里去找需要的机器。（句子）
The future belongs to you young people.未来是属于你们年轻人的。（名词）
2．英文句子构成：主语部分+谓语部分
英语中的句子有长有短，有简有繁，表面上看，似乎千变万化，但是从本质上来说，都可以把英语中的完整的句子分为两部分。即主语部分和谓语部分。主语部分以代词、名词或名词短语来充当，来表明我们要陈述的对象。而在主语之后的动词及其后面的部分，都是用来说明主语做什么，或者描述主语的状况。这就是陈述的内容，即谓语部分。
如：The moon rose slowly.月亮慢慢升起来了。
主语部分 谓语部分
He neither speaks English, nor understands it.他既不会讲英语，也听不懂英语。 转自学易网 www.studyez.com
主语 谓语部分
因此在写英文句子的时候，通常要有主语，还要写出谓语动词，既要有陈述对象，又要有陈述内容，这样才能表达一个完整的意思。
3．五种基本句型
1）主语+谓语动词（+状语）
此句型特点：既然该句型中动词后面没有宾语，所以用于这个句型的动词应该是不及物动词。
如：The sun rises and the sun sets.日升日落。
The fire is burning.火在燃烧。
The children are playing.小孩子正在玩耍。
这种句型的谓语动词后往往带有状语：
如：He works hard.他工作很勤奋。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西面落下。
2）主语+系动词+表语
所谓系动词，又叫连系动词。即这种动词并没有具体的动作，只是起连接主语和后边的成分的作用。
如：He looks unhappy.他好像不高兴。
Bread is the staff of life.民以食为天。
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。
注：在英语中，除了be动词以外，还有以下系动词：转自学易网 www.studyez.com
a) 表示主语的特征、状态的：look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appear, feel等
如：The iron feels hot.这铁摸起来很烫
The rose doesn’t smell much.这玫瑰花闻起来不是很香。
b) 表示主语由一种状态转变为另一种状态的：become, grow, get, turn, go, fall, come等。（这些系动词和形容词连用，一般是句由固定的搭配关系） 如：Our supplies of sugar and rice fell short.我们的糖、米供应不足。
Hope your dreams will come true.希望你好梦成真。
The leaf will turn yellow in autumn.树叶秋天会变成黄色。 go hungry 挨饿 go sour变酸 go wrong出错
fall asleep睡着 fall due到期
c)表示主语保持某种状态的：continue, remain, stay, keep, hold, rest, prove等
如：The weather continued fine for several days.那几天，天气一直晴朗。
He held silent for the whole day.他一整天都沉默不语。
He has fallen into the habit of doing morning exercises to stay healthy.为了保持身体健康，他养成了晨练的习惯。
3）主语+谓语+宾语
英语中绝大多数的动词都适用于这一句型。
如：Beauty will buy no beef.漂亮不能当饭吃。
主 谓 宾
I have finished reading the book.我已经读完了这本书。
主 谓 宾
4）主语+谓语+双宾语
动词后面接两个宾语：一个指人的宾语，称之为间接宾语；另一个指物的宾语，称之为直接宾语。间接宾语和直接宾语统称为双宾语。
如：He showed the guard his passport.他把护照给门卫看。
主 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语
I will buy you a meal.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
根据间接宾语和直接宾语的关系，把动词分成三类：转自学易网 www.studyez.com a)同give一样，当间接宾语后移时，间接宾语前需要带介词to，表示间接宾语是动作的接收者。这样的动词：ping, offer, pass, show, take, write等。 如：He showed the guard his passport.
He showed his passport to the guard.
b)同buy一样，当间接宾语后移时，间接宾语前需要带介词for,这样的动词有：book(预订), choose, find, get, keep, order, prepare等。
如：I am going to buy her a gift.
I am going to buy a gift for her.
c)有个别动词只用于这样的结构：“主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”，不能用介词替换。这样的动词有：charge, cost, bet等。
如： I will bet you ten dollars.我跟你赌十块钱。
The repairman charged me ten dollars.修理工收了我十块钱。
5）主语+谓语+复合宾语
有些动词后面接宾语的时候意思不完整，因此在宾语后面还需要接补充说明宾语的补足语，宾语和宾语补足语统称为复合宾语。转自学易网 www.studyez.com 常见的接复合宾语的动词有：appoint, believe, choose, consider, elect, find, keep, let, make, suppose等。
如：They appointed John chairman.他们任命约翰为主席。
主 谓 宾 宾补
I believe him to be true.我相信他是诚实的。
主 谓 宾语 宾补
注：如何区分双宾语和复合宾语
判断两种宾语的方法：在宾语后面加上be动词，若能构成完整的句子，则是补足语。
反之，则是直接宾语。
如：I made John our chairman.我选了约翰为我们的主席。
I made John a cake.我给约翰作了一块蛋糕。
我们可以说：John is our chairman.所以our chairman是宾语补足语。 我们不能说：John is a cake.所以 a cake是直接宾语。
4．句子的种类
见课本第132页-134页
2001年第40小题有对反意疑问句的考查
You never told us his telephone number, ____?
A hadn’t you B didn’t you C had you D did you
答案为D
2002年21小题
You never told us why you were late for the party,____?
A weren’t you B didn’t you C had you D did you
答案为D
2004年17题
Don’t shout in the meeting room , ___?
A should you B will you C can you D could you 转自学易网 www.studyez.com 答案是 B
2005 年14题
You never told us why you were absent from the party ,___?
A weren’t you B didn’t you C did you D were you 答案是C
第二部分：巩固练习
分析下列句子的成分：
1． Time flies by.
主 谓
2．I am on a diet.
主 系 表
3．They found the boy dead.
主 谓 宾 宾补
4．I found the book easily.
主 谓 宾 状
5．I found the book easy.
主 谓 宾 宾补
6．Tom found Jim an apartment.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
7．She will make him a good wife.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
8．She will make him a good husband.
主 谓 宾 宾补
成人高考专升本英语词组汇总表
at
at a loss 困惑不解，茫然不知所措
at all （用于否定句）丝毫（不），一点（不） at all costs 不惜任何代价，无论如何 at all events 不管怎样，无论如何
at any rate 无论如何，至少
at best 充其量，至多
at ease 舒适（地），安逸（地）
at first 最初，起初
at hand 近在手边，在附近
at large 详尽的，普遍的；未被获取的 at last 终于，最后
at least 至少
at most 至多，不超过
at no time 从不，决不
at once 马上，立刻；同时，一起
at present 目前，现在
at the cost/expense of 以„„为代价 at the end 最终，终了时
at the moment 此刻，目前
at the same tine 同时；然而，不过
at the sight of 一看见„„就
laugh at 因„„而发笑；嘲笑
look at 看着；看待
by
by accident 偶然
by all means 尽一切办法，务必
by and by 不久，迟早
by chance 偶然，碰巧转自学易网 www.studyez.com by far „„得多；最多
by means of 用，凭借
by mistake 错误地，无意中（做错了某事） by no means 决不，绝没有
by oneself 单独地，独自地
by the way 顺便地，附带说说
by way of 经过，经由；通过„„的方法
learn by heart 记住，背诵
little by little 一点一点地，逐渐地
side by side 肩并肩地，一起
for
for ever 永远
for example 例如
for good 永久地
for instance 例如
for the sake of 为了„„的利益
for the time being 暂时，眼下
account for 说明（原因等）
allow for 考虑到，顾及
as for/to 至于，关于
ask for 请求，要求
but for 倘没有，要不是
call for要求；需要；邀请
care for 照顾，照料，喜欢
except for 除了„„外转自学易网 www.studyez.com
go in for 从事于；酷爱；追求
head for 朝„„方向走去
in return （for） 作为（对„„的）回报，交换
long for 渴望
look for 寻找，寻求；指望，期待
make for 走向，向„„前进；导致，促成
make up for 补偿，弥补
pay for 付款；偿还
send for 派人去请；召唤；索取
stand for 是„„的缩写，代表，意味着；主张，支持
take„for 认为„„是，把„„看成是
take for granted 认为„„理所当然；（因视作当然而）对„„不予以重视 wait for 等候，等待
watch out for 密切注意；戒备，提防
from
apart from 除„„之外（别无）；除„„之外（尚有）
aside from除„„之外（尚有）
far from 远离，远非
from time to time 不时，有时
learn from 学习，向„„学习
result from 是（由）„„造成
tell„from 辨别，分辨转自学易网 www.studyez.com
in
in a hurry 急于，匆忙
in a sence 在某种意义上
in a way 在某种程度上，从某一点来看
in a word 简而言之，一句话
in addition to 除„„之外（还）
in advance 预先，事先
in all 总共，共计
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in pief 简单地说
in case 假使，以防万一
in case of 假如，如果发生；防备
in charge of 负责，主管
in common 共有的，共用的
in detail 详细地
in effect 实际上，事实上
in fact 事实上，其实
in favour of 支持，赞成
in front of 在„„前面
in general 一般来说，大体上
in half 分成两半
in honour of 向„„表示敬意；为纪念，为庆祝
in no case 无论如何不，决不
in no time 立即，马上
in no way 决不转自学易网 www.studyez.com
in order 按顺序；整齐
in order to 为了（做某事）
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
in part 部分地
in particular 特别，尤其
in person 亲自
in proportion to 与„„成比例
in public 公开地，当众地
in regard to 关于
in relation to 有关，涉及
in short 简言之，总之
in sight 看得见，在视线之内；在望
in spite of 不管，不顾
in the course of 在„„期间，在„„过程中
in the end 最后，终于
in the face of 在„„前面；不管，即使
in the future 在将来
in （the） light of 鉴于，由于
in the way 挡道，妨碍某人
in time 及时；最后，终于
in touch 联系，接触
in turn 依次地，轮流的；转而，反过来
in vain 徒劳，白费力
instead of 替代，而不是转自学易网 www.studyez.com
bear„in mind 记住（某事）
peak in 破门（窗）而入；打断，插嘴
check in 办理登记手续，报到
cut in 打断，插嘴；（汽车）超车抢档
draw in （火车、汽车等）进站
drop in 顺便（非正式）访问
fall in love with 爱上某人
fill in/out 填写
get in 进入，参加；收（获），收回；插入（话）
hand in 提交；递上
keep in mind 记住
give in 屈服，让步
have in mind 记在心里；考虑到，想到
lie in 在于
once in a while 偶尔
persist in 坚持
play a part （in） （在„„中）扮演角色；（在„„中）起作用
pull in （车）进站；（船）到岸
result in 引起，导致；理解
take in 欺骗；领会，理解
take part in 参加，参与
turn in 上床睡觉；交还，上交
on
on a small/large scale 小（大）规模地转自学易网 www.studyez.com on account of 由于，因为
on average 平均；通畅，普通
on behalf of 代表，为了
on board 在船（或车、飞机等）上
on business 因事，因公
on duty 值班，当班
on earth 究竟，到底
on foot 步行
on guard 站岗，警戒
on ones own 独立地，靠自己地
on purpose 故意地，有目的地
on sale 出售；廉价出售
on second thoughts 经重新考虑，继而一想
on the contrary 正相反
on the one hand 一方面
on the other hand 另一方面
on the spot 在现场，当场
on the whole 总的来说，大体上
on time 准时
and so on 等等
call on 访问，拜访；呼吁，号召
carry on 继续
come on （表示劝说、鼓励等）来吧，走吧；开始转自学易网 www.studyez.com count on 依靠，指望
get on 骑上（马、自行车等），登上（车、船、飞机等）；有进展
get on with 与„„友好相处；继续干
go on 继续下去，进行
hang on 抓紧不放；坚持下去；（电话不挂）等一会儿
hold on 握住不放；坚持；（打电话用语）等一会儿
keep an eye on 留意，照看
keep on 继续进行，反复地做
live on 靠„„生活；以„„为食
look down on/upon 蔑视，看不起
look on 旁观；观看
pass on 把„„传给别人
put on 穿上；上演
switch off/on （用开关）关掉/开启
take on 承担，从事；呈现（面貌）
touch on 谈及，提及
try on 试穿
turn on 开，旋开（电灯等）
wait on 服侍（某人）
off
off duty 下班
peak off 中断，中止
call off 取消
carry off 拿走，夺去
cut off 切掉；切断；阻隔转自学易网 www.studyez.com get off （从„„）下来。逃脱惩罚
give off 发出或放出（光、热、气味等）
let off 排放；放（炮），开（枪）
pay off 还清（债款）；取得成功
put off 推迟，拖延
see„„off 为某人送行
set off 出发，起程；激起，引起
show off 炫耀；卖弄
take off 脱下（衣帽等）；起飞
turn off 关（水源等）；拐弯
over
all over 到处，遍及；全部结束
get over 克服（困难等）；从（疾病、失望、震惊等）中恢复过来 go over 检查；复习
hand over 交出，移交
have an advantage over 胜于，优于
look over 仔细检查，细看；察看，巡视
over and over 一再地，再三地
run over （跑）过去；撞倒；溢出
take over 接受，接管；借用，承袭
think over 仔细考虑
turn over 仔细考虑
out
out of 在„„外；离开„„，缺乏转自学易网 www.studyez.com out of peath 喘不过气来
out of control 失去控制
out of date 过时的，不用的
out of order 出障碍；秩序混乱
out of place 不再适当的位置；不相称的，格格不入的 out of practice 久不练习，荒疏
out of sight 看不见，在视野之外
out of the question 毫无可能
out of question （现在少用）无疑地
peak out （战争等）爆发；使逃脱，使逃走
ping out 使„„显示出来；出版
carry out 执行，贯彻；进行（到底）
check out 结帐后离开，办妥手续离开
come out 出版，发表；显现，出现；结果是
cut out 删掉，割去
drop out 退学，退出
fall out 脱落；争吵，闹翻
figure out 计算出；估计
find out 查明；找到；发现
give out 分发；发出（气味等）
go out 熄灭；外出
hand out 分发，散发转自学易网 www.studyez.com die out 消失，灭绝
lay out 布置，安排，设计；摆出，展开
leave out 忽略，遗漏；省略
let out 放掉（水等），发出
look out 留神，注意
make out 写出，开列；看出，辨认出
pick out 选出；辨认出，分辨出
point out 指出，指明
pull out 拔出，抽出；（车、船等）驶出
put out 熄灭；关（灯）；公布，出版
run out （of） 用完，耗尽
set out 动身，起程；开始
stand out 引人注目；杰出，出色
try out 试用，试验
turn out 关掉（收音机等）；生产，制造；驱逐；结果是 wear out 穿破，用坏；（使）疲乏，（使）耗尽 wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭
work out 算出；想出，制定出
up
up to （数量上）多达；（时间上）直到；取决于
uo to date 现代化的，切合目前状况的
back up 支持；倒退
be made up of 由„„组成，由„„构成转自学易网 www.studyez.com
peak up 打碎；终止，结束
ping up 教育，培养
build up 建立；增强，增进
call up 打电话，召集
catch up with 赶上
cheer up 高兴起来，振作起来
clear up 清理；使变清洁；放晴
come up 出现，走上前来
come up with 追上，赶上；提出
draw up 起草，制订
dress up 穿上盛装，精心打扮
end up 结束，告终
face up to 大胆面对
get up 起床；起立
give up 放弃；投降
go up 上升，（物价等）上涨
grow up 成熟；成年；发展
hang up 把„„挂起来；挂断（电话）
hold up 举起；耽搁，延迟
hurry up （使）赶快，匆匆完成
keep up with 跟上，不落后
line up 排队，使排成一行
live up to 无愧于；做到；符合
look up 向上看；（在字典中）查出
make up 组成，构成；编造，虚伪；化妆
make up ones mind 下定决心，打定主意
mix up 搅和；混淆
pick up 捡起；（车等）中途搭人；学会
put up 举起；建造；张贴
put up with 忍受，容忍（讨厌的人）
ring up 打电话
set up 创立，建立，为„„作好准备；暑期，建造
show up 来到，露面
stand up 起立；（论点、论据等）站得住脚
sum up 总结，概括
take up 开始从事；占去占据
turn up 出现，来到；开大，调大
use up 用完，耗尽
warm up （使）暖起来；（使）变热
wash up 洗餐具；洗手洗脸
with
with regard to 关于，至于
with respect to 关于，至于
deal with 兑付，处理；论述，涉及
do away with 废除，去掉
have nothing to do with 和„„毫无关系
have （sonething） to do with 和„„（有点）关系
2009年成人高考专升本英语时态（一）
动词主要时态
一般现在时
1、 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often , always, usually ,sometimes,everyday 等时间状语连用;
2、 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等;
3、 表示客观事实或普遍真理;
4、 表示安排或计划好的将来要发生的动作;The plane takes off at 10 am 。
5、 在时间或条件状语中，表示将来的动作;When you see her just tell her that I am all right .
6、 在某些文学作品的情节描写中，代替过去时，表示或用于引述书刊材料;The author says that the soldiers fight for freedom not for money。 一般过去时
用于表示过去某时发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,last week,three years ago , in 1987, at the time , in July 。 一般将来时转自学易网 www.studyez.com
主要用于表示将来发生的动作或情况
在时间或条件状语中，一般不用将来时，而是用现在时代替将来时。I’ll let you know the result when I finish everything。
1、 shall, will + 动词原型构成一般将来时;
2、 am (is , are) going to + 动词原型，表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要发生的事情;
3、 am (is , are) about to + 动词原型，表示即将发生的动作;
4、 am (is , an) to + 动词原型，表示必须或计划要进行的动作 You are to be here by 4 pm for collecting the shipment you ordered 。
过去将来时
用于表示过去某一时间内，将要发生的动作或存在的状态
was (were) going to +动词原型
was (were) about to +动词原型转自学易网 www.studyez.com
was (were) to + 动词原型 表示过去某时间内计划、打算或一定要进行的动作
现在进行时
go, come , stay , leave, start 的现在进行时形式可以表示将来即将发生的动作
He is coming to see you tomorrow 。
hate, like, love, believe, think, look, mind, have, seem, sound, smell, taste 通常不使用进行时态
过去进行时被动语态
助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词
含有情态动词：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分辞
短语动词 ：example takes good care taken good care
虚拟语气
用来表示非真实的假设，表示命令、建议或说话人的主观愿望
条件从句 主句
违背现在事实 过去式 should / would / could / might + 动词原形 If the manager were here , he might make a decision immediately 违背过去事实 had + 过去分词 should / would / could / might + have + 过去分词
I could have done it better if I had been more careful
违背将来事实 should + 动词原形 should / would / could / might + 动词原形转自学易网 www.studyez.com
were + 动词不定式( were to + 动词原形)
If it should rain tomorrow , what could we do ?
在下列结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气
It is necessary / imperative / important / essential / advisable that It is proposed / desired / requested / suggested / recommended / demanded / decided / arranged that
混合虚拟句 条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作，在时间上不一致，动词形式需要调整
If you had taken the medicine yesterday , you would be well now。 Suggest , order , ask , demand , command , request , require etc.这些动词的宾语从句用虚拟句， 在这些动词后面的宾语从句中，助动词一律是should 。转自学易网 www.studyez.com
It is ( It was ) important ，其后的主语从句用虚拟语气，助动词用should 。
It is important that we ( should ) learn computer .
Wish + ( that ) 从句，通常表示不可能实现的愿望。 表示现在的动作或状态是，从句中的动词用过去时;表示过去的动2009年成人高考专升本英语时态 成考资料 成考试题 成考复习资料
成人高考英语语法时态
什么是“时”？什么是“态”？“时态”应该说成“时间和状态”。 时间——在语言上主观地划分为三种：现在，过去，将来。
动词的状态——在英语中有三种：进行的，完成的，其余的都叫“一般状态”。 ★一般状态不强调进行也不强调完成。
★过去的时间用过去时。★将来的时间用将来时。★现在的时间用现在时。 时间是指英文中动词的时间。动词还表达了一种状态。 使用英文动词，首先确定是什么时间，然后确定状态。 昨天，下雨了。It rained yesterday.
这个句子，非常明确地告诉我们动作发生的时间是昨天，所以用过去时。那么过去时在英文中怎么实现呢？就是把动词换成过去式（动词原形加ed）！所以下雨就从rain 变成rained。 明天，要下雨！It will rain tomorrow.
动作发生的时间是明天，用将来时。如何实现将来时，就是动词前加上will（第一二三人称都可以）或者shall（第一人称）。 怎么确定状态？
到2020年我就自学英文十年了。 看时间，2020显然是将来时间，所以动词前面首先加个will。汉语中的“到”实际暗示的是“到那个时候”这里的“到”表达的是“终止”的状态，表示这个动作已经结束了、完成了，所以要用完成态，英文中实现完成态的方式是在动词前加上have，然后动词变成过去分词。因此就是have learned ,加上will就变成了will have learned。这就是将来完成时（将来时间的完成状态）。
1986年夏天他就说到1990年他就会掌握三万英文单词了
In 1986 summer he said that he would have built a vocabulary of 30,000.
这个句子中有两个动词，第一个动词是“说”这个“说”的动作是1986年，所以用过去时，动词成为said。第二个动词是1990年，还是过去，但是对说话人在1980年而言，是将来，但是为了区别通常意义上的将来，应该说是过去的将来。将来是will而要用过去式，所以变成would，本句子中暗示动作“到1990”实际上是完成的状态，所以用have + 动词过去分词。
英文时态表格
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