考研英语写作电子教材
主讲：王江涛
欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材
一、 考前冲刺：
1. 攻克词汇：
1）
软件：《新东方背单词》（5）
2）
记忆法：blog.sina.com.cn/m/jtwang 文章分类：考研复习：十天攻克考研词汇 2. 精研真题：96-08 真题 1）
词汇 2）
选项 3. 适当模考：考前务必模考三次 二、
时间分配：
1. 2：00-2：15 写作 A 节 2. 2：15-2：50 写作 B 节 3. 2：50-4：00 阅读 A 节 4. 4：00-4：20 阅读 B 节 5. 4：20-4：40 阅读 C 节
6. 4：40-5：00 完形填空 三、 写作学习：
1. 提高实力：
1）
背诵：20 大必背范文，滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善！
2）
默写：
3）
仿写：
2. 掌握技巧：万能框架 四、 大纲解读：两大黄金原则 1. 印象原则：书写工整、卷面整洁、字迹清晰 2. 语言第一位、结构第二位、内容第三位 1）
语言：
（1）
基本正确 （2）
丰富多变 2）
结构：逻辑性 （1）
段落结构：总分总 A. 主题句：1 句 B. 描述或论证：2-3 句 C. （小结：1 句）
（2）
评分标准：
A. 关联词 B. 同义替换 C. 代词替换 3）
内容：不跑题 五、 书信格式：
（一）
称呼 1. 写给机构：Dear Sir or Madam,
2. 写给个人：Dear +人名， （二）正文：3 段，7 句左右，100-130 词，3-5 个关联词，3-5 个从句
1、第一段 1）自我介绍
（1）工作人员：
A．I am a staff member from your company/corporation. B．I am a staff member from Motorola (China) Electronics Ltd. （2）I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate from the Department of Chinese Language and Literature of Beijing University.
2）写作目的：
（1）I am writing the letter in purpose of ordering some books （2）I am writing the letter to inform you that I wish to resign from my current post/position.
2、第二段：3-6 句
1）改写提纲一：1-2 句
2）改写提纲二：1-2 句
3）改写提纲三：1-2 句 3、第三段 1）表示感谢 （1）
My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond words.
（2）
Words fail me when I want to express my sincere gratitude to you.
（3）
I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you rendered me. 3）期待回信 （1）I am looking forward to your reply/hearing from you soon.
（2）I look forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
（3）Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated. （三）落款：
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming 六、 应用文：
1. 大纲样题：
2008 年考研英语大纲样题：
Directions: You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:
1) detailed information about the books you want, 2) methods of payment, 3) time and way of delivery.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
Sample letter:
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing for information about test preparation materials for the IELTS test. I wonder if you have a vocabulary book covering the words required for IELTS, as well as past examination papers with keys and model essays. Besides, how should I pay for these books---by cash, cheque, or any other means? If possible, I would like to use my credit card. Finally, how will these books be shipped and when is the approximate time I can receive them? The express mail is preferable if the additional charge is not too much. I would appreciate it if you would send me a reply at your earliest convenience. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 2. 2005：
Directions:
Two months ago, you got a job as an editor for the magazine Fashion & Design. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
高分作文：
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am much grateful to be employed by you two months ago as an editor for your magazine Design & Fashions. I appreciate the opportunity of having worked here with you and other colleagues. The experiences will be unforgettable throughout my life.
However, as a young man whose primary interest is in computer science rather than fashion designing. I find my present job doesn’t fall in with my previous training and strength. I therefore decide to quit this job for something else that may conform to my former preparation.
Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconveniences my leaving may occur.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
3. 2006：
Directions: You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area, write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Write your letter in no less than 100 words.Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
高分作文：
Dear Sir or Madam, Moved by the noble cause of Project Hope and encouraged by what has been achieved so far, I would like to contribute my bit to the project by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area of your province. I would be much grateful if you could help me seek out a girl who has just started schooling but whose family cannot afford her education. My plan is to pay for her tuition on an annual basis till she finishes her secondary education. I would like to remit my donation directly to a bank account opened by her family in her local area.
Yours truly,
Li Ming
4. 2007：
Directions:
Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use“Li Ming”instead. Do not write the address. (10 points) 高分作文 Dear Sir/Madam, I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend my spare time. Generally speaking, the services you offer here are quite good; however, I have some suggestions for you to adopt. And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration. To begin with, will you please prolong the time for reading? In the daytime, most of the students are having class, so they can’t come to the library. Moreover, some of the books on shelves are out of date. If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines, we will be greatly honored. I really wish to have a more comfortable library. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
5. 2008：
Directions:
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to
1)make an apology,
2)suggest a solution.
Dear Bob, I am writing to make an apology to you for I forgot to return a music CD which I borrowed from you last week. Yesterday I have come back from Canada and I found it in my luggage. I am so sorry that you cannot listen to it at present.
The CD which I borrowed from you is made in Canada, so I believe you can find another one in your local store. How about your buying another CD by yourself and I will pay for it? If you cannot find the similar one, I would send it back to you through a post office. And if there are any other solutions you like, please let me know. I am sorry again for my careless. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming 6. Directions:
You want to study at a certain foreign university. Write a letter to ask about the situation there as regards accommodation and fees, possible scholarships, and what qualifications one needs for acceptance.
Dear Sir or Madam, I am a Chinese student who wish to apply for admission into your prestigious university. My plan is to start my course next term, and I would be grateful if you would be kind enough to provide me with certain essential information. First, what qualifications do I need to follow a course of study at your university? I already have a bachelor’s degree from Beijing University, but I wonder if there are any further academic requirements. Second, how much are the tuition fees? Although I intend to be self-supporting, I would be interested to hear if there are any scholarships available for international students. Third, what is the situation as regards accommodation?
I look forward to your reply, and to attending your esteemed institution.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 7. Directions:
You live in a room in college which you share with another student. You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room.
Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next
term. You would prefer a single room. Explain your reasons.
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express/air dissatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation. I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient. I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior. For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him; for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.
To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned. I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 8. Directions:
One of your friends wants to apply for a job working with foreign teenagers. Write a letter to recommend him/her, describe his/her past experience, and explain the reasons.
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post. With his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of Tsinghua University several times. Busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record. Upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Tsinghua Middle School. What is more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children. This won him great popularity among his students. Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you
advertised. I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming 9. Directions: After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by Mr. Shakespeare. Write a special letter to express your thanks.
Dear Mr. Shakespeare, I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude. I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome. Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach. If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 10. Directions:
The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest. Write an announcement which covers the following information:
1) the purpose of the contest,
2) time and place of the contest,
3) what is required of the candidates,
4) details of the judges and awards.
You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.
Chinese Speaking Contest
January 10, 2009 To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week (17 January) at the Students’ Auditorium. Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week. Five professors will be invited to be judges. The first six winners will be given awards. Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.
The Students’ Union
Department of Chinese Language and Literature 七、考研大作文框架结构：
1、Introduction：
1）
General description：
2）
Details 1, 2, 3：
3）
Caption/Symbolic meaning：
2、Body：
1）Topic sentence：Symbolic meaning 2）Argument：
（1）
Cause and effect （2）
Exemplification：
A. Numerous examples can be given, but this/these will suffice. B. I can think of no better illustration than the following one(s). C. This/These case(s) effectively clarify that…
（3）
3）Summary：
3、Conclusion：
1）Concluding sentence：
2）Suggestions 1、2：
3）Only in this way can we solve this problem. It is high time that we solved this problem. 八、大作文：
1. 2008：
Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then 3) give your comments. You should write neatly on Answer Sheet 2.
As is vividly depicted in the picture, two disabled men are running fast through teamwork although each of them has only one leg. Obviously, it is teamwork that makes it possible for them to go anywhere they want to. Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking. With the development of economy and society, competition is increasingly fierce. It is impossible for anyone to finish a work all by himself. Hence, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on teamwork. In fact, it has been universally acknowledged that the ability of teamwork is the most essential qualification that anyone who wants to achieve success should possess. Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take some measures to enhance the sense of teamwork in our society. We should bear in mind that teamwork is of great significance to both our society and ourselves. Every one should have the ability of teamwork. Only in this way can we achieve success and only in this way can our society become more harmonious to live in. 2. 2007 ：
Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) support your view with an example/examples. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
As we can see from the picture, a football match is going on. On guarding the goal, the man on the left seems to be keeping a “huge goal” that is easy and inevitable for a goal, while the person on the right hesitates to kick the ball with an illusion about the “huge goalkeeper”. It is obvious that both of them exaggerate the difficulties in front of them. This photo does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon which is not uncommon in China now. The young always give up because the problem is beyond their ability to cope with. Superficially, it seems to be somewhat reasonable, but when weighing in the mind, we find there is an apparent tendency underlying this phenomenon: the lack of confidence. Firstly, it is well-known that we exist in a dynamic world with various difficulties. We can do nothing but face them. Secondly, attitude is the key point to take the first step. Assume bravery and confidence to solve the problem, you will find the question is not as “huge” as you imagine. Take us for example, the entrance exam for graduate students even seems to a horrible monster before us. Some people give up, some persist. So, with confidence and the right assessment of the difficulties, try and exert your strength, and then we will overcome all problems. On the whole, I believe we young people should face the difficulties in right manner. And nothing is impossible, just do it.
3. 2006 ：
Directions: Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should
1）
describe the photos briefly;
2）
interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them,
3）
give your point of view. You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
图一：把崇拜写在脸上。
图二：花 300 元做个"小贝"头。
注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）：英国足球明星。
As is vividly depicted in the photos above, Beckham, the smart British football superstar, is enjoying a striking popularity among the adolescents. In the first picture, Beckham’s name appears on a young man’s face. The caption indicates that worship for the idol is written on the face. In the second photo, another young man is doing Beckham’s chic hairstyle in a barbershop. We are informed that he is spending 300 yuan imitating his idol’s haircut.
Undoubtedly, the pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays. Beckham represents the image of sport hero whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are passionately adored by all the sports fans. Likewise, several teenage girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and harm of admiring these idols. Briefly speaking, young people are inclined to idolize the people who excel in appearance, intelligence or talent.
Hence, idolatry, the thought-provoking social phenomenon, is a double-edged sword
which can exert profound influence on the growth of young people. If we simply worship the idols by imitating their hairstyles or pursuing fashions unreasonably, the obsession will certainly waste us a great deal of money or time, endangering the efficiency of our work. On the contrary, we will lead a positive and fruitful life if we endeavor to improve ourselves by bridging the gap between our models and us. Accordingly, the latter attitude should be adopted to direct our way of life.
4. 2005 ：
高分作文：
This picture reveals a not-uncommon phenomenon of how elders are treated by their grown-up children in some of the families in China. When they are too old to take care of themselves, the elders become burdens to be kicked around by their sons and daughters like a
football, a pitiful and unjust sight that will arouse indignation among many Chinese.
As a nation renowned in the world for many of its virtues, the Chinese people have been practicing filial piety throughout history. Many much-told stories reiterate this time-honored virtue of loving and respecting the elders, like the story of Ti Ying in the West Han Dynasty who risked her life in order to save her wronged father from corporal punishment.
Those who tried every means to avoid their duty of looking after their elders should bear in mind that they are much indebted to their parents for their birth and growth. Without the loving care and unrelenting work of their parents, how could they have grown up healthy and successful? How could it possible for them to go about without the pricks of conscience? Everyone of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors Only in this way can we be worthy of the name of a Chinese.
5. 2004 ：
As is shown in the picture, on arriving at the finishing line of a race on the playground, the lovely young man has to continue his new journey in no time instead of stopping to take a rest. He has successfully settled the puzzle of “stopping or going on” which might have confused many others. With the increasing pace of modern life, perhaps no change has characterized the past decase more dramatically than that of people’s view on their own life. It is generally agreed upon that people have to adjust themselves to this new change. On the one hand, no doubt, people will gain a lot by setting new goals in their daily life. take the famous scientist Thomas Edison for example. He had done very well in his early life, but continued to pursue something more difficult all through his life. On the other hand, if one is obsessed with the success he has achieved, he would lose the chance to pursue new success. What is more, he may become the slave of his success. There are many cases showing that people lose their courage to better themselves after becoming successful. To sum up, one’s view on his success determines his future. In my opinion, it is necessary to carry out a nation-wide campaign publicizing people who have a burning desire for more and ever greater achievement when they are already well-known. So that people in the society will develop a forward-looking attitude and make their life worth living and the world more beautiful as well.
6. 2003 ：
(2)
It goes without saying that the drawings aim at revealing a common and serious problem in China: how to educate and cultivate the young. Let’s take a closer look at the drawings. In an ideal condition, the flower blooms. But when moved out of the green house, it perishes under the rain and storm. It is obvious that the flower in greenhouse can’t withstand wind and rains.
Nowadays the young generation in China, like the flower in the greenhouse, live under the full protection from their parents. Parents want to show all their love to their children. They give their children all the best things they can afford and do not let their children do anything at home. Self-centeredness and arbitrariness have become a trait of the young generation. Once leaving their parents, many young people cannot make a living of their own. They get lost when stepping into the complex reality and cannot face any hardships and difficulties.
Child education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by educational experts, but also by people in all walks of life. The failure of child education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to the children themselves. Thus, it’s high time that parents, educators and the government made concerted efforts to put an end to this situation. [评语] 内容切题，包含了题目要求的全部内容，表达清楚、连贯，句式多样，用词恰当，符合英语表达方式，得分满分，该作文之所以能获高分，主要因为切中题目，而且语言规范、行文通畅，语句富有变化，用词准确生动。
7. 2002 ：
Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures---National and International” In the essay you should 1. describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2. give your comments on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET II.
An American girl in traditional Chinese costume
Represent, symbolize, epitomize, be naturally associated with
8. 2001 ：
(3) Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest. It is of the utmost importance to the human beings. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give love.
As is described in the picture, “love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.” This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than ordinary people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life and progress. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strengh and courage to step out of their difficulties.
For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his life. Or when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish her schooling and change her life, you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.
So to sum up, we should offer our help to all who are in need. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others so when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don’t hesitate to give your love to him. I believe then the relationship between people will be harmonious and our society will be a better place for us to live in.
9. 2000 ：
(1)
As is shown in the pictures, we can see clearly that with the increase of commercial fishing, the number of fishes sharply decreased. In one picture, there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900. On the contrary, in 1995 there was only one fish, but many fishing-boats.
The purpose of this picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to the decrease of ocean resources. Owing to over-fishing, the number of fishes has obviously decreased. If we let this situation go as it is, we won’t know where fish is in the future. By that time, our environment will suffer a great destruction.
Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures. For one thing, we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing. For another, we should enhance the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources. Also, I believe that we human beings can overcome this difficulty, and we will have a bright future.
[给分] 14 分 [评语] 内容切题，包括提纲的全部要点；文章通顺，语言流畅，句式变化多样；用词面较宽；虽有个别不妥之处，但该生基本功较好；表达能力较强；长度符合要求。
10. 1998:
Directions: A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1．Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2．Give your comments.
范文如下：
The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. Regretably, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.
Odds and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes; manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.
I dare say that your society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”.