写作高级词汇替换,(2)

 句子的写作

  文章无论长短,都是由句子组成的。要想写出漂亮的英文作文,就需使用正确无误的、符合英文文法的句子.从用途来分,句子可以分为陈述句,疑问句,祈使句和感叹句;从结构来分,句子可分为简单句,并列句,复合句。英文句子千变万化,但无论怎样,都离不开五种基本句型。

 1 。

 写作指导- -五种基本句型 (1)主语+谓语 My father smokes a lot.

 Some are dancing, some are singing。

 (2)主语+连系动词+表语 She is an English teacher.

 The one in red shirt is my uncle。

 (3)主语+谓语+宾语 He likes learning Chinese.

 We all donated our pocket money。

 (4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 Mr。

 Wang teaches us English。

 I lent her my book. 【注意】并不是所有得动词都能用于此句型。除以上两词外,能用于此句型的动词主要有两大类:

 (1)

 bring, give, sell, show, take, tell, throw, write

 buy, find, get, leave, make, save, choose 等。

 (5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 We chose him our monitor. 2.使用高级词汇 1.occ ur 替换 thi nk of

  Sud denly I had

 an

 idea a

 t that someone had br oken

 i nto

 m y house。

 。

 →

  An

 idea occurred to me

 t hat so meon e had brok en in to

 my house。

 。

  It occurred

 t o

 me t hat

 s omeo ne

 ha d brok en in to my

 house. 2 2.dev ote 替换spend

 He

 spends all hi s spare time in r ead in g.

 →

 He

 devot es al l his

 spare time

 to read ing. 3.seek 替换 wa nt

 /

 l ook

 for

 They

 sought t

 ( ( w ante d )

 to hide th emselve s

 b eh ind

 the

 tre ee s。

 4. average 替换 ordinar y

 I’m an

 ave ra ge (

 ord inary )

 st ud ent. 5. but 替换very

  Th e

 film

 we saw last n ig ht

 w wa s very

 inter est ing 。

 →

  Th e film we

 saw la st night was no thing but int eresting.

  The film we saw l ast night wa s a nythin g but bori ng. 6 .s seat

 替换si t On hi s wa y to

 school ,

 h e fou nd a n

 o ld l ady

 s eated ( si ttin g) b y the road , look in g worried. 7 7.su ppo se 替换 sho uld

 He is s uppose d to ( sh ould ) have

 dr ive n more

 sl owly 。

 8. .apprec iat e 替换thank

 Th ank

 you very

 mu ch fo r yo u hel p。

 →

  We

 app reciate your

 hel p v ery m uch. / Yo ur help is

 mu ch appr recia ted 。

 9.the e

 c ca se 替换 true

 I

 don’t thin k it is the

 cas e ( true e

 )

 )。

 。

 1 0.on 替换 as soon

 as

 A s soo n as he arrive d,

 he began his research. →

  On h is arrival ,

 he

 be gan his

 resear ch.. 11 .due

 t o替换bec ause of H He arrived lat e d ue to

 ( beca use of

 )

 )

 the

 s torm.

  1 12 .cover 替换 wal k/r ead

  After

 covering g

 ( (wal king )

 10 m il es , we

 all

 felt ti red. 1 3.c ontri bute to 替换

  b e helpful/ usefu l P Plen ty

 o f

 memory w ork i s

 undoubt edly h el pf ul to Engl ish stu dy . →

 Plen ty of

 m em ory work w ill

 und oubtedly co ntrib ut e to

 Englis h s tudy 。

 1 4.r ound

 th e corner 替换 com ing s oon/ near by

 ① T he

 s ummer v ac ation is ro und the c orner ( com ing) 。

 Do

 you have an y plans? ② ② Li

 Ming studies

 in a sch ool roun d the

 c orner

 (n earby) 。

 1 5.com e to light 替换 discover

 T The

 fam ily were

 so p leas ed w hen

 they discovered

 the l os t jewels .

 → T Th e f ami ly w ere s o pleased when t he lost

 je wels ca me to light. 1 16.come up

 wi th 替换 thi nk o f

 Jack is

 v ery

 cle ver 。

 He often c ome s up with ( t hi nks

 of

 ) new

 ide as. 17 .set aside 替换 save

  Some

 stud ents think that th ey should set aside so me

 of the ir po cket money for bo oks 。

 (20 04 天津卷)

 1 18 .b e

 o f +

 n . 替换adj.

 Th e prod ucts are of high qua lit y (very good )

 a nd are

 sold everywhere

 in China. 1 19. .r refer to

 替换 talk

 a bout /of, mention

  The prof esso r you refer red to (talked a bout )

 is very fa mous. 20.ca n not but

 / can not help but 替换 ha ve to do I

 could

 not but (h ad to )

 g o h om e. 21.more of te n

 than not 替换 u sua lly

  More ofte n tha n not (Usually), , the m eani ng of man y

 w ords can be easi ly guessed d。

 。

 22.be lo ng for st h. / be l ong

 to

 do st。

 h。

 换 替换 want to

 do

 sth./wi ish for

  I w ant to see y ou

 ver y m uch 。

 →

 I am lon g

 t o s ee

 y ou。

 23 .be caug ht up in/be crazy abo ut /be absor bed in/b e addicted to换 替换 be

 i nter este d i n

  He is cau ght t

 u up in ( v ery interested i n ) collect in g

 s tamps. 2 24.more t ha n替换 ver y

 ①

 I’m m very gla d to le ar n that you ar e c omin g in Sep tembe r. →

  I’ m m or e than glad to lea rn t ha t you are com in g in Septe em ber 。

 (

 NMET 2003 )

  ②

 If t here is an yth ing I c an

 do

 fo r you , I wo uld b e m ore than

 glad to

 hel p. 25. perfect

 (ly )

 替换 goo d/ very well He

 speaks perf ect

 ( good )

 Englis h. / He

 s peaks English

 perfe ctl ly ( very we ll ). 26.do

 sb

 a/t he

 f avor 替换 help

  Wou ld you p lease d o me t he fav or ( he lp me )

 t o turn

 down n

 t he

 radio? 27. .t the ot her day 替换 a f ew day s

 a go

  The

 othe r da y my brot her a nd I went to the

 ci nema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997

 )

 )

 2 28 .in the co urse of 替换 d uring

 In

 the course of (Duri ng)

 the mou ntain- climbing, pleas e

 hel p e each other and pay

 spec ial

 at te ntion to y our s afety. 29. the maj ority of 替换mos t

  T he maj ori ty

 of (Mos t of ) t he in te rv iewe es

 prefer watchi ng TV at h ome to go in g to

 the cinema 。

 30.c onsi st of 替换 be m ade

 u p o f

 O ur

 class c on sis ts of f

 ( ( is mad e up

 of

 )

 50

 stu dent s. 3 1.be w orn

 o ut 替换 be tired

  ① Aft er fi ve hour s’ non —stop work,

 we

 w ere e

 a al l w orn out (ti ired )。

 ② My

 s hoes are worn out (broken ). Pl ease buy m e

 a new pair 。

 32 .become of 替换 happ en

 Wh at do t hin k

 has

 becom e of

 ( ha ppe ne d to )

 hi m ?

 33.at tend

 to 替换 look after

 3 4.on c onditio n

 th at 替换as lo ng as 3 35 .neve rthe less 替换 ho wev er 3 36. .e ex press one’s

 satisfac ti on wi th 替换be s atisf ied wi th

 37. spa re no

 efforts to do 替换 tr y o ne’s

 best to do

 3 8. many a 替换many 3 9.be r ushe d

 of f

 one’s fee t

  替换be bu sy i n doing 4 0.me anwhile 替换at the same

 ti me 41. get t o o ne 's fe et 替换stan d u p

 42 2.occ asional ly 替换 somet im es / once

 in w hile 43.for

 in stan ce 替换 f or ex ample 44 .se ld om 替换 not o ften 4 45. . wealthy 替换

 ri ch 4 46 .ama zi ng 替换surprising

  47 .as

 a ma tter

 of f act 替换in fact 3 高级句型结构 ◆ ◆ It 句型

 ① It

 wi ll be + s ome

 t ime

 + before…

 It won’ t

 be l on g befo re hum ans visit

 the Mars.

  ② ② I t is +

 ad j。/n.+ for s b to do s th 。

  I t is

 very i mpor tant for us to learn c omputer we ll, bec ause

 it has changed our

 life

 so mu ch 。

 H e sa id since

 it

 wa s

 a

 ne w model in C hina,

 i t was i imposs ible t o fix i t without

 t he ri ght sp are pa rts.(2 008 年湖北卷)

 ③ I t is + 被强调部分 + that …

 1 1)

 )

  It is wh at Ya ng Liwe i has

 d one that enco urage s

 us a

 lo ot t.

  2 )

 T hose who like r eadi ng

 ext ensively say it is th rough reading that w we get o ur knowl ed ge。

 ◆ ◆

 mo re …t tha n an y ot her 表示最高级

 Among

 the optional

 co urses , spoken

 Engli sh

 a an d

 c om puter study y

 are more popular th an any

 one el se 。

 ◆ ◆ 名词从句 ① ① It woul d me an a great

 deal to m e to

 list en to t he t ape and l earn w ha t is covere d in the

 talk. ( 20 04 全国卷 Ⅲ )

 ② My h ometown

 is no lo nge r what it us ed

 to be 。

 ◆ (非限制性) 定语从句

 ①

 The flat is i n a b uilding

 o n Fa ngca o S treet.

 I t i s

 not far from Ji anx in

 Chinese Scho ol 。→

  T he fla t

 is in

 a buil ding o n

 F an gc ao S tre et, which is no t far

 f fro m Jianx in C hine se Scho ol 。

 (NME T 2003)

  ② It was quite an

 exp erie nc e f or us b oth, which I’ll

 never forg get for t he

 rest of m y life 。

 (200 2 北京卷) ◆ ◆ 分词结构 ①

 I I

 d on’t

 k know

 ab out others, b ut

 I I

 u use d to have to w ork even a t weeke nds d oi ng endl ess homew ork and

 at te nding

 cl as ses s

 as we ll 。

 (NMET 20 01 )

 ② ② W e"ll mo stly s tay at hom e

 in th e evening w atching TV, playi in ng

 g ames, and meeting people. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅱ)

 )

 ③ ③ Hearing t his , a few peo pl e be gan

 to run a fte r him 。(2004 辽宁卷)

 ④ ④ Born in Ame rican,

 Thoma s

 Edi son was

 a grea t sci entist and inven tor 。

 ◆ ◆

 w ith 结构

 ① A terr ible acc iden t

 happened yes terd ay, w ith

 nine

 people e kille d an d alm ost eig hty y

 i injured 。

  ② He w as carrying a bedro ll and a large bag o n his sho ulder,

 with a large su itcase in h is l eft hand 。

 ◆

 倒装句 ① ① The li brary

 is to the east

 of the t ea chi ng buil din g。

 →

 East of t he

 tea ching bu ilding is t he lib rary. ② ②

 A lthoug h we

 are tired, w e are happy .→

  Tired

 as

 we are , we are

 happy 。

  ③

 On ly in th is way can he

 gr ow

 to be a us eful

 man 。

 ( 2002 上海卷)

 )

 ④ ④

 M ay all y our

 d re ams c ome true! Ma y our

 fri end ship la st till l the en d

 of the univ er se。!(200 7年湖南卷)

 ◆ ◆ 被动语态

 ① Opini ons a re

 d ivi ded

 o n t he qu estio n。

 (NM ET 2002 )

 ② ② A ll cla sses

 are taught

 by teac hers

 wi th ri ch expe rienc e in t eaching for eign stud en ts. (2004 全国卷 Ⅳ)

 ③ ③ New factories,

 hous es an d roads h ave been built 。(2 004 江苏卷) ◆ ◆ 巧妙的改写 ( (1 ).Onl y 改成 n o o ne bu t

  On ly Tom

 pass ed the

 exam

 las t week. → No one b ut

 T om p assed

 the

 exa m. (2).as soon as …成 改成 N o so oner…t th an…/H Hard ly… when…/Imm edia tely…/The

 m ome nt No soo ner had we arr ived at t he cin ema t th han th e fi lm started . (3).have sb/sth d o/done

 The gi rl was knocked o ff

 h her

 bicy cle

 and

 had he r

 leg

 broke en ( (h her leg

 was

 b roken .)。

 ( (4). 变换插入语的位置

 ① Howeve r, t he y

 su ggest f ee s sh ould be ch arged

 lo。

 w。

 →

 They sugg est, however,

 fee s

 should be charged l ow.

 (NMET

 200 2)

  ② ②

 I I

 thin k thi s is a

 good ch ance for y ou t o sh ow your singing

 tal en t, a nd how

 well y ou"ve l earned Chi nes e. →

  This

 is a good chance for

 y ou, I think, ,

 to show y our singin ng

 talent, an d ho w wel l you"v e l ea rn ed Chin ese 。

 ( 20 04 全国卷Ⅰ)

 )

 ( (5 )。

 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句

  M ei mei ,

 w ho is sev en

 years old, ha s bee n learning to ri de

 a

 bi cy cl e for sev er al days 。→

 M Mei me i, a gi rl of

 thirteen, ha s been lear ning to

 rid e a bic cyc le f or sever al

 d ays。

 Sh ake spear e, a

 so n

 from a

 poor fami ly, a man of

 li tt le education , wrote plays an d poem s that a re

 read all over the worl d.(20 008 年湖南卷)

  ◆ 其它

 (1) 注重句子的开头

 ① 用 用 w ith复合结构开头

  With t he

 s un

 settin g in th e

 we st, we had

 t o wav e go oodb ye to the work ers 。

  Wi th

 hi s help, we 've

 l ear ned

 how

 t o

 an al yze

 and settle problems.

 ② 用非谓语动词形式开头

 ⅰ)In

 o rd er to imp rove our Engli sh, our schoo l

 he ld a n E English

 contest 。

  ⅱ ⅱ)

 )Walking t ow ar ds the

 cine ma, h e met a forei gn er 。

 (2)长短句交错使用( 注意:应突出主题句; 长句子并非越长越好) 实战训练 1. 在过去的几年,北京发生了巨大的变化。

 2. 我很高兴地收到你 2006年2月 12 日的来信.

 3. 我期待着不久收到你的来信。

 4. 总而言之,email在我们的日常生活中扮演着多么重要的角色啊!

 5. 不仅我喜爱英语,而且我酷爱音乐,尤其是古典音乐。

 6. 另外,我们还将邀请来自清华大学的Johnson教授为我们在图书馆的二层阅览室作关于禽流感的报告

  7. 我正走在去往学校的路上,突然这是我听到不远处传来“救命!救命!”

 8。

 学校教学楼的东边矗立着一座实验楼,在那里我们每天做着各种试验。

 9。

 有许多学生在操场上玩篮球,梦想着有朝一日成为姚明。

 10. 正如从图表中所展示的,我们年级百分之四十的学生课后从事体育活动。

  11。

 我跑到河边,脱了外衣,毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里.

  12。

 我正要出门,突然这时天开始下雨。

 13. 令我吃惊的是,这些人不顾后果,到处乱贴小广告.

  14. 许多古树在这次大火中严重地破坏了。

 15. 他有许多爱好,例如游泳、唱歌和滑冰.

 16. 一些人随意砍伐树木,一些人猎杀飞鸟,一些人乱扔废纸,这些对我们的环境都造成了恶劣的影响。

 17。

 曾经一度,每天直到11 点钟李明才上床睡觉,目的是为了弥补落下的功课。

 18. 我一进入云雾山,就被那自然的美景所打动.

  19. 我将尽力节省我的零花钱,捐给贫困地区的孩子们。

 20.一些有效的措施必须被政府采取,让北京的天更蓝,水更清。

  ◆◆ 相关过渡语

 1) 。

 表示时间顺序: first, then, a fte rwar ds , mean wh ile, l at er,first

 o of all, fin ally, a t l ast… 2)。

 。

 表示空间顺序: near , next to,

 f ar from,

 in front o f, o n

 the left, on one si de… 3 3) 。

 表示比较、对照: like,

 u nlike,

 such as,

 but , how ever, on the other r hand, o n th e co ntr ary,

 never th el ess s, , ot herwise… 4) 。

 表示因果关系: be cau se, for , as

 a r es ult, t he re fore, thus… 5). 表示递进关系: be sides, w ha t" s m ore, w hat was worse , mo reo ver , furthe rm ore,

 in a ddi ti on, ,

 o on to p of… 6)。

 表示并列关系:

 and , as wel l

 a s, also… 7) 。

 表示总结性: in gener al, in

 a a

 wor d, in sh ort , on the whole, to

 s um up, in brief ,

 t o

 c oncl ude… 附 1。英语作文常用结构 一)段首句

 1。

 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。

 evEﻫrything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages。

 .2,……)说(为认人些一,同相不各点观的们人……于关ﻫ在他们看来,……

 People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person。

 Some people say that ______。To them,_____。

 。3,……题问的重严个一着临面正类人ﻫ这个问题变得越来越严重。

 ______ melborp gib a gnicaf won si naMﻫwhich is becoming more and more serious。

 …… 。4热的注关的人为成已ﻫ门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论.

 ______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. …… 。5着起中活生常日的们我在ﻫ越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

 _____ﻫ_ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day—to—day life。it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well。

 .6图形条/表图/比分百的中格表/字数计统/字数/表图据根ﻫ

 /成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢?

 According to the figure/number/statistics in the /chart/ /graph,it can be seen that______ . Obviously,______,but why?

 (二)中间段落句

 1. 相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为…….

 On the contrary,there are some people in favor of ___。At the same time,they say____.

 2。

 面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……,另一方面,

 Confronted with______,we should take a series of effective measures to______。

 For one thing,______For another,______

 .3出拿该应就早ﻫ行动了。比如说……,另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……. s taht emit hgih si tIﻫomething was done about it. For example。

 _____。In addition. _____。All these measures will certainly______。

 (

 句尾结)三ﻫ.1种某在,我于至ﻫ程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为……

 eht htiw eerga I ,denrecnoc ma I sa raf sAﻫlatter opinion to some extent。

 I think that ____。

 2。

 总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……。

 ﻫIn a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.

 3. 随着社会的发展,……。因此,迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量,这个社会将要变得越来越好。

 With the development of society, ______。So it”s urgent and necessary to ____。If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.

 4. 至于我(对我来说,就我而言),我认为……更合理。只有这样,我们才能……

 personally, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____。

 5. 对我来说,我认为有必要……。原因如下:第一,……; 第二,……;最后……但同样重要的是……

 In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows。

 First _____。Second ______。

 Last but not least,______.

 .6,述所上综ﻫ

 我们可以清楚地得出结论…… saer yam ew ,evoba dessucsid neeb sah tahw morFﻫonably arrive at the conclusion that____.

 附 附 2 学生易错句型结构

 一、"There be"结构

  考生病句:

  1. There are many people like to go to the movies。

  2。

 There are different kinds of vegetables can be bought on the market by people。

  正确表达: 。1

  eht ot og ot ekil ohw elpoep ynam era erehTﻫmovies。

  2. There are different kinds of vegetables that people can buy on the market。

  :析分与议评ﻫ

  在为因,性遍普有较比误错的句例个两这ﻫ历次考试中有不少考生不能正确运用there be 这一最常用的句式。在这种结构中,there是引导词,没有实际意义。be 在句中作谓语,有时态和数的变化。例如:

  1。

 There was no school in the village at that time。

 2。

 There are many people rushing into the cities every year。

  3. There are many things we can do to prevent traffic accidents。

 ﻫ二、比较结构

  考生病句:

  1。

 Comparing with the bike, the car runs much faster.

  2。

 The climate in Walton is colder than other cities。

  正确表达: .1

  .retsaf hcum snur rac eht ,ekib eht htiw derapmoCﻫ

 2。

 The climate in Walton is colder than that of other cities.

 下ﻫ面是比较结构的一些常用的表达方法。

  1.同级比较

  ni did ew sa srac ynam sa decudorp ew 8991 nIﻫthe previous five years。.2

  级较比ﻫ

 1) Children now enjoy better medical treatment than before.

 ﻫ2)

 We can live longer without food than we can (live )

 without wat

 er.

  3.最高级 )1

  。daer reve ev’I koob gnitseretni tsom eht si sihTﻫ)2

 ﻫOf all his novels I like this one best. .4

  构结…erom eht…erom ehtﻫ ﻫ1)

 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

  2)

 The more a man knows, the more he discovers his ignorance。

  5.选择比较

  1)

 I prefer staying at home to going out。

 )2

  ot referp yehTﻫwork rather than (to)

 sit idly.

  3)

 He prefers to work alone。

 构结的因原达表、三ﻫ

  考生病句: .1

 w elpoep emos esuaceb si siht rof nosaer ehTﻫant to earn plenty of money without working hard.

 正确表达: .1

 ae ot tnaw elpoep emos taht si siht rof nosaer ehTﻫrn plenty of money without working hard。

  个一了犯生考:析分与议评ﻫ中国学生常犯的错误,就是用 because引起表语从句,because 这个词不能引起表语从句,在本句中只能改用 that 才正确.

 英语中用来表达原因这一概念的结构有多种.我们可用 as , because, since, seeing that, considering that, now that,。.等词组引出表示原因的从句。例如:

 ﻫ1. Now that we have seen these great achievements with our own eyes, we feel

 more

 proud than ever of our country。

 .2

 seforPﻫsor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to make rapid progress.

  3. Since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate.

  4。

 Pollution is still a serious problem, not that we don’t have the ability to solve it, but

  that

  some people have not realized the consequences of the problem。

 。构结因原达表句单简用语词些某助借以可还们我ﻫ例如:

 .1

  .suoivbo etiuq si egnahc siht rof nosaer ehTﻫ

 2。

 Diligence is the key factor of success。

 构结定否、四ﻫ

 句病生考ﻫ

 1。

 Some people think we needn"t to worry about fresh water。

 ﻫ2。

 Nowadays many people don't like to go to the movies, t

 oo。

  :达表确正ﻫ。1

 "nod 或( yrrow t’ndeen ew kniht elpoep emoSﻫt need to worry) about fresh water。

  2. Nowadays many people don"t like to go to the movies, either。

  。句定否于用能只 rehtie 而ﻫ 五、 含有 it 的结构

 :句病生考ﻫ

 1。

 As is known to all of us that science and technology play an important role in the

 development of society。

 。2

  ecitcarp ,su ot nwonk si tIﻫmakes perfect。

 :达表确正ﻫ.1

  dna ecneics taht su fo lla ot nwonk si tIﻫtechnology play an important role in the

 fo tnempolevedﻫsociety。

 (或:As is known to all of us, science...) 。2

 k si tIﻫnown to us that practice makes perfect. (或:As is known to us, practice。.。)

  it 句型 1.作形式主语

 uflliks egaugnal ngierof a retsam ot su rof yrassecen si tIﻫlly。

 It makes difference whether we could purify the air or not。.2

  语宾式形作ﻫ

 We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that。

 Modern science has made it possible for babies to grow healthily and for people to live longer。

  3.引导强调句

  It is only by this way that we can achieve success。

 It was then that people began to realizethe importance of controlling population. 六、不含 not 的英语否定结构

  加面后 evah和 eb,词动态情、词动助在了除构结定否ﻫnot 之外,还有许多不含 not 的否定结构.若能正确使用他们,文章会显得生动活泼,增加写作的闪光点.下面我们就来看看:

 .1

  语短和汇词的义意定否有含ﻫ 词和词的举列下以ﻫ

 组本身就具有否定的含义,因此无需用否定词.

 cxe ,tub ,dnoyeb ,tsniaga 词介ﻫept, without,。..

  形容词和动词 absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to,reluctant, lack, want,.。.

 rf..。peek 语短ﻫom, protect..。from, prevent。..from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of,

 of the question, rather than, too。.。to, by no means, anything but,.。.

 ﻫ我们看以下例句:

 )1

  ni sthgir lauqe eht teg ot liaf nemoWﻫsome countries。

 在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。

 )2

 ht snaem on yb si sihTﻫe best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.

 源能决解是不这ﻫ危机的最好的办法。

 )3

 ortsed gnieb morf seert tcetorp dluohs eWﻫyed。

  .坏破受们它让不,木树护保应们我ﻫ)4

  dluoc ew anihC dlo nIﻫnot make a nail, let alone(make)

 machines.

 钉个一连们我,国中旧在ﻫ子都造不了,更不用说制造机器了。

 .2

  语词的义意定否半有含ﻫ

 ,yldrah ,ylerabﻫfew, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, not everyone, not everything,.。.具

  :句例。义意的定否半有ﻫ

 1)

 We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on market several years ago.

  几年前在冬天市场上很难见到新鲜蔬菜。

 )2

  wonk elpoep gnuoy esehTﻫlittle about how to choose good books to read。

  这些年轻人几乎不知道如何挑选优秀的书籍来读。

  3. 不含否定意义的否定结构

 有些词和词组形式上是否定结构,但其含义是肯定的,比如:cannot but, can’t help,n ,naht rehto enon ,emit on ni ,litnu..。ton ,naht。。。renoos onﻫothing but,等等。例句:

 )1

  。ytilaer eht ecaf tub t'nac eWﻫ

  们我ﻫ只有面对现实。

  2) These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartment buildings in no time.

  这些旧建筑将很快为现代化的公寓所代替。

 ﻫ

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